Classification

• Species

  A group of organisms which share similar features and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
• Binomial system

  Naming species as an internationally agreed system where the scientific name of the organism is made of two part the genus and species.
• Animal kingdom -

  • Multicellular organisms which do not photosynthesis. They search for food and shelter and mate to reproduce. They a nervous system which allows them to detect change in external and internal environment.
• Plant Kingdom -

  • Multicellular
  • contains cell wall made of cellulose
  • Has roots, stems and leaves.
  • Contains nucleus
  • Manufacture food by photosynthesis.
• Fungi kingdom -

  • Multicellular except yeast.
  • contains cell wall made of chitin.
  • no chloroplast
  • feed on dead or decaying matter
• Protoctist Kingdom -

  • Some multicellular, some unicellular
  • May or may not contain cell wall and chlorophyll
  • Either free living or parasitic
  • possesses nuclei
  • produce sexually or asexually.
• Prokaryote:

  • no nucleus
  • No cell membrane enclosing the cell
  • Unicellular
  • cell wall made of murein.
• Vertebrates

  Animals which have a vertebral column or backbone.
• Characteristics Mammals:

  • they are endothermic
  • feed offspring milk produced from the mammary gland
  • have sweat gland
  • body covered with hair
  • has external ears
  • different types of teeth
  • have lungs for breathing.
  • Young ones are developed in the uterus.
• Characteristics of Birds:

  • Lay eggs with hard shells
  • Have feathers
  • have wings
  • Have horny beaks.
• Characteristics of Reptiles:

  • have lungs for breathing
  • have tough, dry and scaly skin
  • lay eggs with leathery shells
• Characteristics Amphibians:

  • have soft skins with no scales
  • eggs laid in water with no shell
  • eggs hatch into tadpoles in water
  • Tadpoles have gills while adults have lungs for gas exchange.
  • Tadpoles turn into adult by process called metamorphosis.
• Characteristics of Fishes:

  • have gills for breathing
  • Skin covered with scales
  • have fins to provide large surface area for pushing against water and maintain balance while swimming.
• All arthropods have:

  • segmented bodies
  • several pairs of joined legs.
  • Have external skeleton called an exoskeleton made of chitin.
• Characteristics Myriapods:

  • have simple eyes
  • have a pair of antennae
  • Gas exchange through a tracheal system
• Characteristics of Insect:

  • body divided into head, thorax and abdomen.
  • have three pair of joined legs
  • have two pairs of wings
  • A pair of antennae
  • Have compound eyes
  • Breathe through spiracles
• Characteristics of Arachnids:

  • have no antennae
  • A four pairs of joined legs
  • body divided into cephalothorax and abdomen
• Characteristics of Crustaceans:

  • more than four pairs of legs
  • two pairs of antennae
  • have gills for breathing
  • Have exoskeleton reinforced with calcium for protection against predators.