united nations

• • One of the guiding principles of the UN is to maintain international peace and security. 
  • The UNSC has the primary responsibility for international peace and security.
  • The UNSC can take enforcement measures to maintain or restore international peace and security, though economic sanctions and international military action. 
• • The UN has been increasingly called upon to coordinate the global fight against terrorism. 
  • The UN aims to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism
• Key Themes of Resolution 2396

  • improving border and aviation security
  • strengthening efforts aimed at the prosecution, rehabilitation and reintegration of ‘foreign terrorist fighters’
  • improving coordination within UN counter-terrorism architecture.
• EFFECTIVENESS OF Resolution 2396

  • It requires states to develop and implement systems to collect biometric data (fingerprints, photographs) to responsibly and properly identify terrorists including foreign terrorist fighters. 
  • It encourages states to establish systems to detect the departure of terrorists from their territories, and subsequently conduct risk assessments and investigations. 
• Effective Responses to Boko Haram

  • Whilst the Nigerian government has employed a more militaristic approach to Boko, the UN has employed diplomatic measures. 
  • In 2014, the UN added Boko Haram to a list of organisations linked to Al-Qaeda, subjecting them to an arms ban and asset freeze.
  • Additionally, in 2017, the UN unanimously adopted Resolution 2349 to encourage regional governments to enhance military cooperation and to act ‘vigorously and decisively’ to cut flows to Boko Haram. 
• Limitations to Resolution 2396

  • The special rapporteur has set out her concerns with the process and substance of this resolution to the 73rd session of the General Assembly. 
  • It highlighted limited and inadequate engagement with relevant stakeholders.  
• Ineffectiveness in Addressing Boko Haram

  Boko Haram is primarily funded through bank robberies and ransom payments, limiting the enforceability and impact of the assets freeze.
• Evolving Global Terrorism Landscape - Seventy-Seventh Session

  • Terrorism remains a major threat to international peace and security. 
  • After years of decline, terrorist attacks have recently increased. 
  • Concerns and risks associated with their misuse persist as terrorist groups explore new technological frontiers. 
  • Digital spaces are manipulated to communicate, recruit, spread narratives and plan attacks.