Quiz 2

• What is the time period of the Renaissance?

  1350-1650 A.D
• How was pharmacy distinguished from medicine during the Renaissance?

  Pharmacy was separated from medicine
• In what year were pharmacies opened in Germany?

  1241
• What significant developments occurred in the pharmacy field between 1800 and 1900?


  There were rapid developments and improvements in pharmacy and medicine, including the manufacture of medicine.
• What was the impact of the Bubonic Plague on the world population?

  It wiped out one-third of the world’s population.
• What were some of the consequences of the Bubonic Plague?

  It triggered religious, social, and economic upheavals.
• How did the Bubonic Plague affect European history?

  It had profound effects on the course of European history.
• Who is known as the "Father of modern toxicology"?

  Paracelsus
• What is the significance of Paracelsus's quote, "All things are poison, and nothing is without poison"?


  It emphasizes the concept of overdose.
• What process did Paracelsus introduce in laboratory research?

  The process of distillation and extraction.
• Who is the founder of modern human anatomy?

  Andreas Vesalius
• What is the title of Andreas Vesalius's work?

  De Humani Corporis fabrica (On the fabric of the Human Body)
• Who authored the first official pharmacopoeia?

  Valerius Cordus
• What is the significance of the Dispensatorium authored by Valerius Cordus?

  It represents the lasting importance of pharmacopoeia.
• What system influenced Europe during the Renaissance?

  The GUILD system.
• What is a GUILD?

  An association of persons of the same trade or pursuits that protects mutual interests and maintains standards.
• What was the role of pharmacists in Italy during the Renaissance?

  The role of pharmacists was recognized in society.
• What was the first botanical garden established in Italy for?

  To study plants and pharmacy.
• What was the first pharmacopoeia in Europe?

  Nuovo Ricettaio Fiorentino
• What was India's role in the pharmaceutical industry during the Renaissance?

  India was the biggest pharmaceutical source of raw materials.
• Who discovered iodine and bromine in France?

  Bernard Courtois
• How did Bernard Courtois discover iodine and bromine?

  By extracting seaweed, which was a serendipitous discovery.
• Who introduced percolation as a means of extraction in France?

  Real and Boullay
• What are alkaloids?

  Bioactive compositions of plant materials.
• Which tree is associated with quinine?

  The Cinchona tree.
• What is the effect of quinine and strychnine on the body?


  They affect the central nervous system.
• Who discovered codeine?

  Pierre Jean Robiquet
• What was Jean-Baptiste Poquelin's stage name?

  Moliere
• Who is known as the Father of Microbiology?

  Louis Pasteur
• What significant vaccine did Louis Pasteur develop?

  The rabies vaccine.
• How was pharmacy regulated in Germany during the Renaissance?

  Pharmacy was regulated by the government.
• Who discovered sugar in beets using alcohol extraction?

  Andreas Marggraf
• Who discovered morphine in opium?

  Friedrich Serturner
• What is the relationship between morphine and codeine?

  Both are alkaloids derived from opium.
• What is the Mohr balance also known as?

  Wesphal balance.
• Who successfully synthesized salicylic acid for commercial sale?

  Felix Hoffman
• What is the chemical name for aspirin?

  Acetylsalicylic acid.
• What concept did Paul Ehrlich introduce?

  The concept of chemotherapy.
• What was arsphenamine used for?

  It was used for the treatment of syphilis.
• What challenges did apothecaries face in England?

  They had difficulty separating from the grocer.