cells

• eukaryotes are organisms made out of eukaryotic cells (complex, plant and animal cells), while prokaryotes are organisms made out of a prokaryotic cell (simple, bacteria cell, is a single-celled organism).
• subcellular structures of an animal cell (functions):

  nucleus - holds genetic material that controls the cell,

  cytoplasm - gel-like substance, place of most chemical reactions take place (controled by enzymes),

  cell membrane - structures the cell, contols what goes in and out,

  mitochondria -where aerobic respiration takes place, transfers energy from this to the cell,

  ribosomes - where proteins are made.
• subcelluar structures of a plant cell (in addition to structures in plants) (functions):

  cell wall - made of cellulose, supports and strengthens the cell,

  permanent vacule - contains cell sap, a solution of sugar and salt

  chloroplasts - place of photosynthesis (makes food), contains chlorophyll (green substance needed to absorb light)
• subcellular structures of an animal cell:

  1. nucleus
  2. cytoplasm
  3. cell membrane
  4. mitochondria
  5. ribosomes
• subcelluar structures in a bacteria cell:

  1. cell wall
  2. cell membrane
  3. plasmids
  4. single circular strand of dna
  5. cytoplasm
• subcelluar structures of a plant cell (in addition to structures in plants):

  1. cell wall
  2. permanent vacule
  3. chloroplasts