Topic 6 plant structures and

• Why is photosynthesis needed

  For plant to grow and survive
• Carbon dioxide + water->(light ontop of arrow) glucose +oxygen

  Photosynthesis equation
• Balanced photosynthesis equation

  6co2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
• Photosynthesis equation

  Co2 +H20 -> O2 + C6H12O6
• WHAT IS THE GLUCOSE SYMBOL

  C6H12O6
• Light Is the energy photosynthesis needs for reaction to take place
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  Endothermic- because it requires energy(from sun)
• What can glucose made during photosynthesis used for

  • Respiration
  • Stored as starch for later
• How do plants get carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis?

  It diffuses from air into leaves via stomata
• How do plants get water required for photosynthesis

  It diffuses from soil into root hair cell by osmosi
• What are the uses of glucose

  • Respiration
  • Make cellulose
  • Make starch(store glucose)
  • Make amino acids(make protein)
  • Make lipids
• Whats an exothermic reaction?


  Releases heat
• Light intensity = orig^2 x distance new^2 / distance^2 new
• What does root hair cell do?


  Absorb water and minerals ions from the soil
• 3 things which roots hair cells have?

  Large surface area and thin cell wall and mitochondria for energy
• What happens in paliside cell?

  Where photosynthesis happens in leaves
• 2 things how palaside is adapted?


  Large surface area and lots of chloroplast
• What is the stomato


  Pores that let gases and water vapour escape from a plant
• What 4 things does tomato have?


  Chloroplast,cell wall,vacuole,nucleus

  
• What groups are xylene and pholem found?


  Vascular bundles
• What does xylem do?


  Transports water and mineral ions in the transpiration stream
• Xylem adaptation:

  1. Hollow tube made of dead cells so easy water flow
  2. Think walls made of lignin for strength and support
• What plant cell is this

  Xylem

  
• What does pholem do?


  Transports sugars
• 2 adaptations for pholem cells?


  Elongated living cells and small pores to let substances through
• What is translocation?


  Pholem transports sucrose and amino acids up and down the plant
• Companion cells in pholem are next to sieve cell and provide energy to sieve cell
• What are sieve tubes in pholem?


  specialised for transport and have no nuclei
• What does pholem require 


  Energy

  
• Rats of transpiration =


  Volume(mm^3)/time(s)
• What 3 things increase transpiration?


  Light intensity, tempature and wind
• What decrease transpiration?


  Humidity
• What is a potometer?


  Equipment used to measure transpiration and find factors which affect it
• What Is transpiration?


  Flow of water into a root up the step and out of the leaves
• What is purpsoe of transpiration?


  provides the water for photosynthesis transports mineral ions cools the leaf as water evaporates
• Minerals enter plant using?


  Active transport
• Water enters root hair cell 


  Using osmosis
• Sucrose is transported so we say it's translocation around plant and used to make starch and glucose
• The rate of photosynthesis is directly proportional to the light intensity until another factor becomes limiting.


  .

  
• the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased, the rate of photosynthesis will therefore increase until another factor may become limiting and this is shown by the flattened section of the graph.