Government

• What are the main political ideologies mentioned in the study material?

  Democracy, socialism, liberalism, conservatism, totalitarianism, communism, and fascism
• What is democracy defined as in the study material?

  Rule by the people
• Who made the concept of democracy known?

  The Greeks
• What are the two types of democracy mentioned?

  Indirect democracy and direct democracy
• In direct democracy, who participates in decision-making?

  Every eligible citizen
• What is the main characteristic of indirect/representative democracy?

  Citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf
• What quote about democracy is attributed to Winston Churchill?

  "Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others."
• What are the important elements of democracy?

  • Constitution: Set of rules that restricts what government can do
  • Protection of human civil rights
  • Regular elections (bi-partisan and multi-party)
  • Universal suffrage (right to vote)
  • Separation of judicial and political roles of government
• What does the term "universal suffrage" refer to?

  The right to vote for all eligible citizens
• What are the characteristics of democracy mentioned in the study material?

  Equality and freedom
• How does the principle of equality manifest in a democracy?

  Everyone is subject to the same laws
• What is the main principle of democracy according to the study material?

  All people are equal
• 5 types of parties in Canadian Democracy

  • green party
  • New democratic party
  • bloc Québécois
  • Liberal
  • conservative
• What are the main philosophies/ideologies mentioned in the study material?

  Democracy, socialism, liberalism, conservatism, totalitarianism, communism, fascism
• What is democracy and its origin?

  • Rule by the people (PPI)
  • Originated from the Greeks
  • Two types: indirect and direct democracy
• What is direct democracy?

  Every eligible citizen participates and has a say in every decision
• Why is representative democracy necessary for large populations?

  It allows representatives to speak and make decisions for the people
• How many members are in the House of Commons?

  338 members
• What is Winston Churchill's quote about democracy?

  "Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others."
• What are the important elements of democracy?

  • Constitution: set of rules that restricts what government can do
  • Protection of human civil rights
  • Regular elections (bi-partisan, multi-party)
  • Universal suffrage (right to vote)
  • Separation of political roles of government
• What are the main characteristics of democracy?

  • Equality and freedom as main principles
  • All people are equal
  • Everyone is subject to the same laws
• What is socialism focused on?


  • Equality and social justice
  • Government control of major industries
  • Public control of important resources
  • Aims for a classless society
• What is capitalism characterized by?

  A free market economy with competition to make goods and profit
• What are the key principles of liberalism?

  • Rights of the individual
  • Liberty and political equality
  • Private property
  • Equality before the law
• What does conservatism emphasize?

  • Traditional values
  • Minimal government involvement
  • Individualism
  • Reduction of government spending
• What is totalitarianism?


  • Opposite of democracy
  • Authoritarian rule by a dictator
  • Power concentrated in one person or small group
  • Harsh laws and restrictions
• What are the characteristics of communism?

  • Collectively owned resources
  • Aims for a classless society
  • Quick changes to laws and economy
  • Individual liberty sacrificed for the state
• What defines fascism?


  • Born after World War II
  • Extreme nationalism and militarism
  • Glorification of war
  • Individual freedom is forbidden
• What is the structure of government in Canada?

  • Federal, provincial, and municipal levels
  • Representative democracy
  • Constitutional monarchy with the British monarch as head of state
• What are the branches of government in Canada?

  • Executive: Prime Minister and Cabinet
  • Legislative: House of Commons and Senate
  • Judiciary: Supreme Court and other courts
• Who is the current Prime Minister of Canada?

  Justin Trudeau
• What is the role of the Governor General in Canada?

  • Represents the monarch
  • Appointed by the Prime Minister
  • Signs off on laws (Royal Assent)
  • Dissolves Parliament and calls elections
• What is the composition of the House of Commons?

  • Made up of elected Members of Parliament (MPs)
  • 338 MPs representing ridings
  • Each riding has approximately 100,000 people
• What is the role of the Senate in Canada?

  • 105 members appointed by the Governor General and Prime Minister
  • Investigates bills
  • Members can serve until age 75
• What is the role of the Supreme Court in Canada?

  • Highest court in Canada
  • Composed of 9 judges (3 from Quebec)
  • Appointed by the Governor General
  • Not a trial court
• What are the main political ideologies mentioned in the study material?

  Democracy, socialism, liberalism, conservatism, totalitarianism, communism, fascism
• What are the two types of democracy described in the study material?

  • Indirect democracy
  • Direct democracy
• What is the definition of direct democracy?

  Every eligible citizen participates in decision-making.
• Why is representative democracy necessary for large populations?

  It allows representatives to speak and make decisions for the people.
• Who is quoted as saying, "Democracy is the worst form of government except for all the others"?

  Winston Churchill