CHAP 3

• Family


  Basic unit in society, and is shaped by all forces surround it.

   Values, beliefs, and customs of society influence the role and function of the family (invades

  every aspect of the life of the family)
• Family


  Is a unit of interacting persons bound by ties of blood, marriage or adoption.

   Constitute a single household, interacts with each other in their respective familial roles

  and create and maintain a common culture.
• Family


  An organization or social institution with continuity (past, present, and future). In which there are certain behaviors in common that affect each other.
• The family is a product of time and place


   A family is different from other family who lives in another location in many ways.

   A family who lived in the past is different from another family who lives at present in many ways.
• The family develops its own lifestyle


  Develop its own patterns of behavior and its own style in life.

   Develops their own power system
• Balance


  the parents and children have their own areas of decisions and control.
• Strongly Bias


  one member gains dominance over the others.
• The family operates as a group


  A family is a unit in which the action of any member may set of a whole series of reaction within a group, and entity whose inner strength may be its greatest single supportive factor when one of its members is stricken with illness or death.
• The family accommodates the needs of the individual members


  An individual is unique human being who needs to assert his or herself in a way that allows him to grow and develop.
• What is the first stage of family growth?

  Marriage and the Family
• What is the second stage of family growth?

  Early childbearing family
• What is the third stage of family growth?

  Family with pre-school children
• What is the fourth stage of family growth?

  Family with school-age children
• What is the fifth stage of family growth?

  Family with adolescent children
• What is the sixth stage of family growth?

  The launching center family
• What is the seventh stage of family growth?

  Family in middle years
• What is the eighth stage of family growth?

  Family in Retirement / Older age
• What is the ninth stage of family growth?

  Period from retirement to death in both spouses
• What are the stages of family growth?

  1. Marriage and the Family
  2. Early childbearing family
  3. Family with pre-school children
  4. Family with school-age children
  5. Family with adolescent children
  6. The launching center family
  7. Family in middle years
  8. Family in Retirement / Older age
  9. Period from retirement to death in both spouses
• Stage 1: MARRIAGE & THE FAMILY


   Involves merging of values brought into the relationship from the families of orientation.

   Includes adjustments to each other’s routines (sleeping, eating, chores, etc.), sexual and economic aspects.

   Members work to achieve 3 separate identifiable tasks:

  1. Establish a mutually satisfying relationship

  2. Learn to relate well to their families of orientation

  3. If applicable, engage in reproductive life planning
• Stage 2: EARLY CHILDBEARING FAMILY


   Birth or adoption of a first child which requires economic and social role changes

   Oldest child: 2-1/2 years
• Stage 3: FAMILY WITH PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN


   This is a busy family because children at this stage demand a great deal of time related to growth and development needs and safety considerations.

   Oldest child: 2-1/2 to 6 years old
• Stage 4: FAMILY WITH SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN


   Parents at this stage have important responsibility of preparing their children to be able to function in a complex world while at the same time maintaining their own satisfying marriage relationship.

   Oldest child: 6-12 years old
• Stage 5: FAMILY WITH ADOLESCENT CHILDREN


   A family allows the adolescents more freedom and prepare them for their own life as technology advances-gap between generations increases

   Oldest child: 12-20 years old
• Stage 6: THE LAUNCHING CENTER FAMILY


   Stage when children leave to set their own household-appears to represent the breaking of the family

   Empty nests
• Stage 7: FAMILY OF MIDDLE YEARS


   Family returns to two partners nuclear unit

   Period from empty nest to retirement
• The family as a system is based on a theory introduced by Dr. Murray Bowen (The Family System Theory) that suggests that individuals cannot be understood in isolation from one another, but rather as a part of their family, as the family is an emotional unit. Families are systems of interconnected and interdependent individuals, none of whom can be understood in isolation from the system.
• Ackerman States that the Function of Family are:

  1. Insuring the physical survival of the species

  2. Transmitting the culture, thereby insuring man’s humanness
• Physical functions of the family


  family are met through parents providing food, clothing and shelter, protection against danger, provision for bodily repairs after fatigue or illness, and through reproduction.
• Affectional function


  the family is the primary unit in which the child tests his emotional reactions.
• Social functions


  – include providing social togetherness, fostering self-esteem and a personal identity tied to family identity, providing opportunity for observing and learning social and sexual roles, accepting responsibility for behavior and supporting individual creativity and initiative.
• Universal Function of the Family by Doode

   REPRODUCTION – for replacement of members of society: to perpetuate the human species

   STATUS PLACEMENT of individuals in society

   BIOLOGICAL and MAINTENANCE of the young and dependent members

   SOCIALIZATION and CARE of the children

   SOCIAL CONTROL
• TASK

  • is a function, but with work or labor overtures assigned or demanded of the person
• Duvall & Miller identified 8 tasks essential for a family to function as a unit:

  Physical maintenance, Socialization of family, Allocation of resources, Maintenance of order, Division of Labor, Reproduction, Recruitment, and Release of family, Placement of family members into larger society, Maintenance of motivation and morale
• Physical maintenance


  provides food shelter, clothing, and health care to its members being certain that a family has ample resources to provide
• Socialization of Family


  involves preparation of children to live in the community and interact with people outside the family.
• Allocation of Resources-


  determines which family needs will be met and their order of priority.
• Maintenance of Order


  task includes opening an effective means of communication between family members, integrating family values and enforcing common regulations for all family members.
• Division of Labor


  who will fulfill certain roles e.g., family provider, home manager, children’s caregiver
• Placement of members into larger society


  consists of selecting community activities such as church, school, politics that correlate with the family beliefs and values