HANDOUT 2

• According to Ivo Oliveira and Mithun Selvaratnam “death of print” has been much heralded over the past decade, precipitated by the rising accessibility of devices like tablets and smartphones that have made the electronic medium cheaper and more universal.
• Journalistic sources have adapted a shift in the current Internet age. Teacher will present examples of these forms
• Electronic Literature: The most specific meaning is in reference to literature or written works of literary merit that are created in a digital medium that takes advantage of the format beyond the simple written word. These types of works are “born-digital” and not merely text that has been scanned or typed out in a digital format.
• Hypertext/Hyperpoetry (interactive fiction)

  • a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up. It is a very visual form, and is related to hypertext fiction and visual arts. Interactive fiction has already existed for some time in the form of computerized adventure games. In an adventure game the player has a mythical world to explore -- a dungeon or an enchanted forest or valley.
• Animated Poetry

  • Takes well-written work and gives it a visual representation to go with it. The visual aspect helps the audience get immersed in the poem and brings out the emotional expression the writer is trying to portray.
• Textula

  • It is a poem written in the form of a text message usually consisting of one to two stanzas it consists of four lines with 7 syllables each with a same rhyme at the end of each line
• Blog

  • is shortened from the word “weblog”, a term that was coined in 1997 by a programmer and blogger named Jorn Barger.
  • an online platform where one or multiple people can contribute content related to a particular topic.
• Chick Lit

  • is a genre comprised of books that are mainly written by women for women. It addresses issues of modern womanhood, often humorously and lightheartedly.
• Flash Fiction

  • also called microfiction, is a complete story with a small word count.
  • stories range from five words to 1,000, with the top end of the genre sitting at 1,500.
• Creative Nonfiction

  • is a genre of writing that uses elements of creative writing to present a factual, true story. Literary techniques that are usually reserved for writing fiction can be used in this
• Digi-fiction

  • a form of literary experience that blends books, movies/videos, and internet websites.
  • It emerged with the rise of digital technology and storytelling platforms, offering new ways to tell stories through interactive apps, social media, websites, and multimedia.
  • By utilizing the immersive capabilities of digital mediums, this engages audiences in innovative narratives that go beyond traditional print media, reflecting the changing landscape of storytelling in the digital age.
• Transmedia storytelling

  • It represents a process where integral elements of a fiction get dispersed systematically across multiple delivery channels for the purpose of creating a unified and coordinated entertainment experience
• Graphic Novels

  • as its name suggests, is a novel that tells a complete story via illustrations.
  • are usually longer than comic books and have a more definitive story in comparison to it.
• Manga

  • used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels originally published in Japan.
• Web Novels

  • It is simply a novel that is published online. It can be free-to-read or pay-to-read.
  • They are usually serialized, which means the author publishes the story in installments — often one chapter at a time and usually released on a schedule.
• Webtoons

  • It is a type of digital comic that originated in South Korea and is read vertically by scrolling down on a computer or smartphone.
  • Accessible anywhere and practically free of charge, each episode takes less than five minutes to read.
• Twitterature

  • It is (a portmanteau of Twitter and literature) is a literary use of the microblogging service of Twitter.
  • It includes various genres, including aphorisms, poetry, and fiction (or some combination thereof) written by individuals or collaboratively.
  • The 280-character maximum imposed by the medium, upgraded from 140 characters in late 2017 provides a creative challenge.
• Illustrated Novels

  • are stories through text and illustrated images. 50% of the narrative is presented without words.
  • The reader must interpret the images to comprehend the story completely.
  • Textual portions are presented in traditional form but some may contain no text at all.
• Doodle Fiction

  • is a literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle drawings and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font.
• Speculative Fiction

  • It is a literary “super genre,” which encompasses a number of different genres of fiction, each with speculative elements that are based on conjecture and do not exist in the real world.
  • is a blanket term for the stories that take place beyond our known world.
• Science Fiction

  • stories with imagined technologies that don’t exist in the real world, like time travel, aliens, and robots.
• Apocalyptic Fiction

  • stories that take place before and during a huge disaster that wipes out a significant portion of the world’s population.
  • The stories center around characters doing everything they can to stay alive—for example, running from zombies or trying to avoid a deadly plague.
• Post-apocalyptic Fiction

  • stories that take place after an apocalyptic event and focus on the survivors figuring out how to navigate their new circumstances—for example, emerging after a global nuclear holocaust or surviving a total breakdown of society.
• Alternate History Fiction

  • stories that focus on true historical events but are written as if they unfolded with different outcomes.
• 21st Century Literary Themes - 21st-century literature often reflects on past events to understand the present, while technological advancements have led some writers to imagine the future as a way to critique current society and provoke introspection. As Walton (2016) notes, this speculative approach invites readers to introspect and consider the implications of today's choices and innovations for the future.

  • Identity
  • History and Memory
  • Technology
  • Intertextuality
• Identity

  • People have relatively more freedom to draw from multiple cultures and philosophies and question the concept of the self and its relation to the body, brain, and soul.
  • With increasing globalization, intersections of cultures and more vocal discussions of women’s rights and LGBT rights, identity has become a common theme in 21st Century lit.
• History and Memory

  • Explores the notion of multiplicities of truth and acknowledges that history is filtered through human perspective and experience.
  • As contemporary readers are able to look back on history and see how history has been depicted differently for different audiences, history and memory have become themes of 21st lit.
• Technology

  • Dreams of what technology could potentially help people become and anxieties regarding the demise of humanity as a result of technology can be seen in 21sst century literature.
  • Explore what it means when all of humanity’s experiences are filtered through technology. “Ready player 1” by Ernest Cline depicts a futuristic world where everyone escapes reality by plugging into a virtual utopia.
• Intertextuality

  • Contemporary writers recognize a piece of work as being one among many throughout history.
  • Purposely include acknowledgements, references, or parallels to other works of fiction, recognizing their place in a larger, broader conversation, context, and body of work.