Diseases of the Respiratory System

• Common Cold - Contagious infection of the upper respiratory tract and is usually the result of a viral infection it is known as the rhinovirus.
• Rhino means nose the location where the virus typically infects.
• What are the symptoms of the common cold:

  Sneezing

  Headache

  Cough

  Runny nose

  Sore throat

  Nasal congestion

  Fever(most common in children)
• Influenza or Flu - it is a contagious illness caused by several influenza viruses called Myxovirus
• SYMPTOMS OF INFLUENZA:

  Chills

  Fever

  Severe headache

  Muscular pains

  Runny nose

  General Discomfort
• Influenza is a more severe diseases that could lead to pneumonia and death if not treated
• Pneumonia - it refers to any infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, virus, fungi, or protozoa in rare conditions.
• SYMPTOMS OF PNEUMONIA:

  
  

  fever

  chest pain

  fluid in the lungs

  difficulty in breathing
• • Pneumonia - is a disease that causes the inflammation of the lungs air sacs or alveoli which become filled with pus or fluid.
• bacterial pneumonia cause by:

  • Streptococcus Pneumoniae
  • Haemophilus Influenza
  • Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
  • Chlamydia Pneumoniae
  • Legionella Pneumophila
• Chest X-rays - accompanied by blood and sputum tests can identify the type of pneumonia a person has.
• Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), can commonly suffer from pneumocystis 4 pneumonia caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii.
• Tuberculosis or TB - Illness caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can spread via respiration droplets through coughing, sneezing, or spitting phlegm. lnside the lungs, the bacteria form a lump-like lesions called tubercles.
• • Extra-pulmonary TB - You called TB this when it spread to other parts of the body.
• SYMPTOMS OF ACTIVE TB:

  • Bad cough lasting for three week or longer
  • Discolored or bloody sputum
  • Weight loss
  • Weakness or fatigue
  • Low grade fever (usually in afternoon)
  • Night sweats
  • Loss of appetite
  • Pain when breathing or coughing
• Asthma - a chronic and allergic condition that makes the breathing airway narrow and swollen and causes them to produce extra mucus.
• Approximately 12% of the philippine pollution have asthma.
• Asthma - it is a disease that cannot be cured but symptoms can be controlled
• Bronchitis - the inflammation or swelling of the breathing passages.
• • Acute bronchitis - occurs when a patient experience a nagging cough that lasts for one to three weeks. Can be treated.
• Chronic bronchitis - occurs when a person has a persistent cough with phlegm production, usually every day for at least two months out of the year for two consecutive years. Must be given proper attention.
• Emphysema - a long-term disease of the lungs caused by prolonged exposure to respiratory irritants. Incurable disease and no treatment is available
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - is associated with the group of lung diseases.
• Lung Cancer - uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that start off in one or both lungs.;