Robbery

• A person is guilty of robbery if he steals and immediately before or at the time of doing so, he uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being subjected to force.
• It is defined in s.8 (1) Theft Act 1968 and can result in up to life imprisonment.
• There must be a completed theft (R v Robinson) (Corcoran v Anderton).
• The jury have to decide, using the ordinary meaning, if the extent of 'force' used was enough (Dawson and James).
• The force doesn't have to be applied - putting someone in fear of force is sufficient (R v Clouden).
• The V doesn't have to be frightened by D's actions or words (B and R v DPP).
• The person threatened doesn't have to be the person from whom the theft occurs.
• The force must be immediately before, or at the time of the theft (R v Hale) (R v Lockley).
• Force must be used in order to steal. If force is not used for this purpose then any later theft will not make it into robbery.
• D must have the mens rea for theft. They also must intend to use force to steal (R v Forrester).
• R v Robinson 


  There must be a completed theft.
• Corcoran v Anderton


  There must be a completed theft.
• Dawson and James

  Using the ordinary meaning of 'force' the jury have to decide if the extent of the force used was enough.
• R v Clouden


  The force doesn't have to be applied - putting someone in fear of force is sufficient.
• B and R v DPP

  V doesn't have to be frightened by D's actions or words.
• R v Hale 


  The force must be immediately before or at the time of the theft.
• R v Lockley

  The force must be immediately before or at the time of the theft.
• R v Forrester

  D must intend to use force to steal.