4.1

• When did Mao resign as President of China?

  1959
• Who were the three leading Communists that controlled China after Mao's resignation?

  Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Deng Xiaoping
• How did Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Deng Xiaoping address the problems created by the Great Leap Forward?

  They re-introduced some central control of the economy and planning by 'bureaucrats'
• What position did Mao hold after resigning as President?

  Chairman of the CCP
• What concern did Mao have by the mid-1960s?

  He was concerned that middle-class experts and townspeople were getting wealthy at the expense of the peasants
• Where did Mao summon the young people of China in 1966?

  Tiananmen Square
• What did Mao call for the young people of China to do in 1966?

  To rise up and rid China of the anti-Communist elements within the Party and society
• What were the main reasons Mao started the Cultural Revolution?

  1. Remove opposition to regain political supremacy
  2. Prevent communism from being weakened by a new middle class
  3. Remove alternative ideas and beliefs
  4. Keep the revolution going through continuous struggle
• Why did Mao want to remove opposition during the Cultural Revolution?

  To defeat his opponents and regain political supremacy
• What did Mao think about the new CCP middle class?

  He saw it as corrupt and motivated by power
• What was Mao's view on education during the Cultural Revolution?

  He attacked education for creating a 'bureaucratic class'
• How did Mao perceive traditional Chinese culture?

  He saw it as 'Bourgeois'
• What did Mao believe about the need for continuous struggle?

  He believed it was necessary to ensure that communism did not fail
• What did Mao worry about regarding 'revisionist' policies?

  He worried that they were weakening communism
• Why did Mao want to involve young people in the Cultural Revolution?

  So they would support communism through 'struggle'