Anaphy:mod 1

• What is the scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body?

  Anatomy
• What does the word "anatomy" mean?

  To dissect, or cut apart and separate, the parts of the body for study
• How does anatomy relate structure to function?

  Anatomy examines the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function
• How does the structure of bone tissue contribute to its function?


  The hard, mineralized substance of bone tissue provides strength and support
• What are the two basic approaches to the study of anatomy?

  1. Systemic anatomy: Study of the body by systems (e.g., cardiovascular, nervous)
  2. Regional anatomy: Study of the organization of the body by areas (e.g., head, abdomen)
• What is surface anatomy?

  Surface anatomy is the study of external features that serve as landmarks for locating deeper structures
• How is anatomical imaging used in anatomy?

  Anatomical imaging uses technologies like x-rays and MRI to create pictures of internal structures
• What is physiology?


  Physiology is the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things
• What are the two major goals when studying physiology?

  1. Examining the body's responses to stimuli 2. Examining the body's maintenance of stable internal conditions
• What is human physiology?

  Human physiology is the study of the functions of the human body
• What are the six levels of organization of the body?

  1. Chemical level
  2. Cell level
  3. Tissue level
  4. Organ level
  5. Organ system level
  6. Organism level
• What is the simplest level of organization in the human body?

  The atom
• How do atoms relate to molecules in the chemical level of organization?

  Atoms combine to form molecules
• What is the role of collagen molecules in the body?

  Collagen molecules provide structural strength and flexibility to the skin
• What are organelles?


  Organelles are smaller structures inside cells that carry out particular functions
• What is a tissue?

  A tissue is a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them
• What are the four primary types of tissues in the body?

  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nervous
• What is an organ?

  An organ is composed of two or more tissue types that perform one or more common functions
• What is an organ system?


  An organ system is a group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions
• What are the eleven major organ systems in the human body?

  1. Integumentary
  2. Skeletal
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous
  5. Endocrine
  6. Cardiovascular
  7. Lymphatic
  8. Respiratory
  9. Digestive

  10. Urinary

  11. Reproductive
• What is the function of the urinary system?

  The urinary system removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance
• What is the role of the lymphatic system?

  The lymphatic system removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, and maintains fluid balance
• What is metabolism?


  Metabolism is the ability to use energy to perform vital functions such as growth, movement, and reproduction
• What does responsiveness refer to in living organisms?

  Responsiveness is the ability to sense changes in the environment and adjust to those changes
• What is growth in the context of living organisms?

  Growth refers to an increase in size or number of cells, leading to overall enlargement
• What is development in living organisms?

  Development includes the changes an organism undergoes through time, involving growth and differentiation
• What is reproduction in the context of living organisms?

  Reproduction is the formation of new cells or new organisms
• What are the six essential characteristics of life?

  1. Organization
  2. Metabolism
  3. Responsiveness
  4. Growth
  5. Development
  6. Reproduction
• What is the role of sweat in the body?

  Sweat helps lower body temperature.
• What does growth refer to in biological terms?

  Growth refers to an increase in size or number of cells in an organism.
• How do bones grow?

  Bones grow by increasing the number of cells and becoming surrounded by mineralized materials.
• What does development include in an organism?

  Development includes changes an organism undergoes from fertilization to death, involving growth and differentiation.
• What is differentiation in biological terms?

  Differentiation is the process where cells change from an immature state to a mature, specialized state.
• What types of cells do immature cells differentiate into?

  Immature cells differentiate into specific types of cells such as skin, bone, muscle, or nerve cells.
• What is reproduction in biological terms?

  Reproduction is the formation of new cells or new organisms, allowing for growth and development.
• What is homeostasis?


  Homeostasis is the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.
• Why is homeostasis important for the body?

  Homeostasis is important because it allows the body to function normally despite changing internal and external conditions.
• What happens to body temperature when exposed to hot or cold conditions?

  Body temperature increases when too hot and decreases when too cold.
• What are variables in the context of homeostasis?

  Variables are body conditions that can change and are not constant, such as temperature and chemical content.
• What is the normal body temperature range?

  The normal body temperature is approximately 98.6°F, fluctuating no more than 1°F above or below.