hormonal communication

• Thermoregulation


  the control of body temperature
• osmoregulation


  the control of water potential of body fluids
• what are the three key homeostatic mechanisms?

  Thermoregulation

  Osmoregulation

  Control of blood glucose concentration
• pituitary gland


  situated at the base of the brain

  produces

  • growth hormone which controls growth of bones and muscles
  • anti-diuretic hormone which increase reabsorption of water in the kidneys
  • gonadotrophins which control the development of the ovaries and testes
• thyroid gland

  located in the neck

  produces

  • thyroxine which controls rate of metabolism and rate that glucose is used up in respiration and promotes growth
• adrenal gland 


  located on top of your kidneys

  produces

  • adrenaline which increases heart and breathing rate and raises blood sugar levels
• pineal gland 


  located in the thalamus in the brain

  produces

  • melatonin which affects reproductive development and daily cycles
• thymus


  located in the upper chest

  produces

  • thymosin which promotes production and maturation of white blood cells
• pancreas

  produces

  • insulin which converts excess glucose into glycogen in the liver
  • glucagon which converts glycogen back into glucose in the liver
• testis

  produces

  • testosterone which controls sperm production and secondary sex characteristics
• ovary

  produces

  • oestrogen which controls ovulation and secondary sex characteristics
  • progesterone which prepares the uterine line for receiving and embryo