blood collection

• What is the largest vein in the body?

  Antecubital fossa
• Why should blood not be drawn from an arm with an intravenous (IV) line?

  It can contaminate the blood sample and dilute it with medications or hydration
• What should you do before drawing blood from a patient with an IV line?

  Turn off the IV for 2 minutes and draw blood from a distal site
• How much blood should be discarded before collecting a sample for coagulation studies?

  The first 10 ml should be discarded
• What is the procedure if one arm has an IV line and the other does not?

  Blood should be collected from the arm without the IV line
• What should be done if both arms have IV lines?

  A capillary puncture should be performed
• What does "edematous" refer to?

  Accumulation of fluid within an area
• What is a fistula used for?

  It is used and preserved for dialysis or hemodialysis
• Why should a fistula not be punctured?

  Puncturing can cause damage and require finding a new fistula
• What complications can arise from difficult-to-palpate veins?

  They can lead to impaired circulation, susceptibility to infection, and contamination of blood samples
• What is a hematoma?

  It is caused by blood leaking from blood vessels during or following venipuncture
• What is the remedy for collecting blood from an area with a hematoma?

  Blood should be collected below the hematoma to ensure free-flowing blood
• What is the purpose of a mastectomy?

  To remove malignant cancers and lymph nodes
• How does the removal of lymph nodes during a mastectomy affect lymphatic fluid flow?

  It interferes with the flow, leading to a high count of blood lymphocytes
• What is the angle for arterial puncture?

  90 degrees
• What color is the blood obtained from an arterial puncture?

  Bright red
• When is arterial puncture reserved for use?

  For emergency situations and blood gas evaluations
• How does venous blood composition differ from arterial blood?

  Venous blood composition is affected by the metabolic activity of the tissue
• What can impair blood flow affect in venous blood samples?

  It can affect other analytes
• What is the maximum depth of incision for blood collection in children and infants?

  Less than 2 mm
• What is the maximum depth of incision for blood collection in adults?

  Less than 2.5 mm
• Which finger is typically used for capillary puncture?

  The second finger of the non-dominant hand
• What factors can affect blood sample collection?

  • Ambient Temperature
  • Attitude
  • Storage
  • Humidity/Dry conditions
  • Sunlight
• What is the role of calcium in blood coagulation?

  Calcium is bound to prevent coagulation
• How does sodium fluoride affect ethanol specimens?

  It prevents a decrease in alcohol concentration due to glycolysis and fermentation of bacteria
• What is the function of sodium fluoride in blood samples?

  It inhibits the enzyme enolase, preserving glucose
• Why is sodium fluoride used for CBC tests?

  It preserves cell morphology and inhibits platelet aggregation
• What is the purpose of a clot activator in blood collection tubes?

  It enhances coagulation in tubes
• What should be verified before collecting a blood sample?

  The test to be collected, time and date of collections, diet restrictions, status, and collection priority
• How long should a patient fast before a blood test?

  1. 12 hours
• What is the fasting requirement for a lipid profile test?

  10-12 hours
• Why is it important to drink water before a blood test?

  It helps to ensure proper hydration for accurate results
• What should be considered regarding latex exposure before a blood test?

  It can cause allergic reactions in some patients
• What is the length of a lancet used for blood collection? 1.75 m