Redox

Cards (30)

  • What does OIL RIG stand for in the context of oxidation and reduction?
    Oxidation is Loss, Reduction is Gain
  • What occurs during a redox reaction?
    One species loses electrons while another species gains electrons
  • What is the general term for reactions where one species loses electrons and another gains them?
    Redox Reactions
  • In the reaction 2Mg(s)+2Mg(s) +O2(g)2MgO(s) O_2(g) \rightarrow 2MgO(s), what happens to magnesium?

    Magnesium loses two electrons
  • In the reaction 2Mg(s)+2Mg(s) +O2(g)2MgO(s) O_2(g) \rightarrow 2MgO(s), what happens to oxygen?

    Oxygen gains two electrons
  • What do half-equations illustrate in redox reactions?
    They show which species is losing electrons and which is gaining electrons
  • What do oxidation states help determine in a chemical reaction?

    Which element loses or gains electrons
  • What is the oxidation state based on?
    Electronegativity
  • What is the apparent charge that an atom has in a molecule or ion called?
    Oxidation state
  • In the reaction 2H2(g)+2H_2(g) +O2(g)2H2O(l) O_2(g) \rightarrow 2H_2O(l), how can we determine which element is gaining or losing electrons?

    By analyzing the oxidation states of hydrogen and oxygen
  • What indicates that a species has been oxidized during a reaction?
    The oxidation number increases or becomes more positive
  • What indicates that a species has been reduced during a reaction?
    The oxidation number decreases or becomes more negative
  • What happens to an oxidizing agent during a redox reaction?
    It is reduced
  • What happens to a reducing agent during a redox reaction?
    It is oxidized
  • How should oxidation states be represented?
    With the sign given before the number, e.g., +2 not 2+
  • What is notable about oxidation numbers for transition metals and most main-group non-metals?
    They can have variable oxidation numbers
  • What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in metal hydrides?

    • 1
  • What is the oxidation state of oxygen in peroxides?

    • 1
  • What does the activity series rank?
    Metals according to the ease with which they undergo oxidation
  • What are the applications and skills related to redox reactions?
    • Deduction of oxidation state of an atom in an ion or compound
    • Deduction of the name of a transition metal compound from a formula
    • Identification of species oxidized and reduced, and the oxidizing and reducing agents
    • Deduction of redox reactions using half-equations
    • Deduction of feasibility of a redox reaction from activity series or data
    • Solution of redox titration problems
    • Application of the Winkler method to calculate BOD
  • What is an oxidizing agent?
    An oxidizing agent is the species that is reduced.
  • What are oxidizing agents also known as?
    Oxidizing agents are also known as oxidizers.
  • What is a reducing agent?
    A reducing agent is the species that gets oxidized.
  • What are reducing agents also known as?
    Reducing agents are also known as fuels.
  • What are some good oxidizing agents?
    • O<sub>2</sub>
    • O<sub>3</sub>
    • F<sub>2</sub>
    • Cl<sub>2</sub>
    • MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>–</sup>
    • Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2–</sup>
    • HNO<sub>3</sub>
    • H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
  • What are some good reducing agents?
    • Organic compounds
    • Reactive metals
  • What is the key idea behind displacement reactions?
    Different metals have different reactivities, allowing some metals to displace others from a solution.
  • What happens when zinc metal is mixed with copper sulfate?
    Zinc, being a stronger reducing agent than copper, will displace copper from the solution.
  • What is a single displacement reaction?

    • A reaction where a metal acts as a reducing agent for another metal ion.
    • Example: 2 Li(s) + Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)
  • What does the Metal Reactivity Series indicate about metals higher on the series?
    Metals higher on the series will lose electrons more readily and will be oxidized compared to metals lower on the series.