classification and taxonomy

• taxonomy - hierarchical grouping system for classifying organsims
• hierarchical - series of groups subdivided into smaller groups with no overlap
• taxon:

  • domain
  • kingdom
  • phylum
  • class
  • order
  • family
  • genus
  • species
• 3 domains: 6 kingdoms:

  • bacteria - bacteria
  • archaea - archaea
  • eukaryota - animal, fungi, plant, protist
• modern classification system - Carl Woese
• updated from 5 kingdom system - Carl Linnaeus
• species - group of similar organisms that can breed to produce fertile offspring
• courtship behaviour:

  • behaviour carried out by organisms to attract a mate of the correct species
  • prevents interbreeding and mixing
• • courtship behaviour involves simple to complex rituals that are species specific
  • members of the same species can recognise each other
  • maximises chances of successful reproduction
• species can be more closely related the more similar their courtship behaviour is
• courtship behaviour examples:

  • releasing chemicals to attract mates to their territory
  • specific calls or songs - specific to species and must be learned in the first few months of life
  • dancing/movements - display mates strength and fitness, synchronised movements used to recognise life partners
  • nest building - collecting materials for nests or shelters shows potential mate how they can provide for and protect offspring