Excretion

• what is a function of kidneys of a healthy person

  reabsorb all glucose
• where are hormones removed from blood and broken down?

  liver
• where is urea produced


  DALIVER
• what is filtered from the glomerulus to the kidneys?


  • ALL
  • urea
  • ions
  • water
  • glucose
• what is reabsorbed from the kidneys to blood vessels


  • some water
  • some ions
  • all glucose
• what is urine made up of?

  some water, some ions and urea
• How is urea produced in the liver?


  • deamination (removal of nitrogen containing part of amino acid to form urea)
• how is urea made in the liver?


  1. protein -> alimentary canal
  2. protein -> amino acids
  3. amino acids ABSORBED INTO blood and goes to liver via H.P.V
  4. amino acids ASSIMILATED BY body cells
  5. deaminated into compound containing N
  6. becomes urea
  7. excreted by ureter
• why is microvilli important?


  • large SA
  • to absorb water, ions, urea and glucose better
• what happens when a person has low blood sugar levels?

  1. the pancreas will secrete glucagon into daliver
  2. the glucagon will :
  3. glycogen -> glucose
  4. blood sugar increases
• what happens when a person has high blood sugar levels?

  1. the pancreas will secret insulin into daliver
  2. the insulin will :
  3. glucose -> glycogen
  4. the blood sugar levels will decrease
• what is the function of glomerulus?


  it filters urea, water, ions and glucose into the kidneys
• what is the function of the nephron?


  it reabsorbs some water, some ions and ALL glucose
• define excretion 


  the removal of toxic waste substances from the body according to the bodys requirements
• outline the role of the glomerulus..


  • provides high blood pressure
  • provides large SA
  • for filtration
  • the filtrate consists of urea, ions, water and glucose
• what is the function of the renal/bowman capsule?


  allows filtration
• what are the advantages to red blood cells not having a nucleus?


  • more room for haemoglobin
  • enable greater oxygen carrying capacity
  • more flexible shape
• a diet with _ will produce the most urea


  protein
• which organ removes urea from the blood?


  kidney
• what chemical is urea made out of?


  amino acids
• does renal artery and renal vein have glucose?


  yes
• does the breakdown of alcohol happen in the kidneys?


  no, in the liver
• how does blood change as it passes through a kidney?


  it loses urea
• what would make the water in urine decrease the most?


  • high temp
  • high amount of activity
• where is the glomerulus 


  in the nephron in the CORTEX
• what part of the brain controls body temp?

  hypothalamus