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BLOOD BANK 222
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Cards (61)
Who is the author of the study material on blood bank reagents and methods?
Arsham Haile
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What is the principle behind blood bank tests?
Ag
+
Ab
reaction
Antigen-antibody
interaction
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What are the routine blood bank testing procedures?
ABO
/
Rh
typing
Antibody
screen
Antibody
identification
Crossmatch
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What does ABO/Rh typing detect?
A
,
B
, and
D
antigens
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What is the source of antigens in ABO/Rh typing?
Patient's RBCs for
forward
grouping; reagent RBCs for
reverse
grouping
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What is the source of antibodies in ABO/Rh typing?
Reagent
anti-A
,
anti-B
, and
anti-D
for
forward
grouping; patient's
serum
for
reverse
grouping
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What does the antibody screen detect?
Specific
antibodies to
RBC
antigens
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What is the source of antigens in the antibody screen?
Reagent
antibody screening
cells
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What is the source of antibodies in the antibody screen?
Patient's
serum
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What is the purpose of antibody identification?
To identify
antibodies
to
RBC
antigens
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What is the source of antigens in antibody identification?
Reagent
antibody panel
cells
(
10-16
cells)
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What is the source of antibodies in antibody identification?
Patient's
serum
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What does the crossmatch determine?
Compatibility of donor
RBCs
with recipient's
blood
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What is the source of antigens in the crossmatch?
Donor
cells
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What is the source of antibodies in the crossmatch?
Recipient's serum
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What are the types of blood bank reagents?
Reagent
RBCs
Antisera
Antiglobulin
reagents
Potentiators
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What do reagent RBCs possess?
Known antigens
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What do antisera contain?
Known
antibodies
against specific
RBC
antigens
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What do antiglobulin reagents contain?
Poly-
or
monospecific
antibodies
against
human antibodies
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What are potentiators used for?
To enhance the
formation
of
antigen-antibody
complexes
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What are the types of reagent antisera?
Polyclonal
,
monoclonal
,
blended monoclonal
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What are the uses of
ABO
antisera?
To determine if a patient is A,
B
,
AB
, or
O
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What colors are the Anti-A and Anti-B reagents?
Anti-A is
blue
; Anti-B is
yellow
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How is agglutination read in ABO antisera testing?
At
immediate spin
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What type of antibodies are Anti-A and Anti-B?
IgM
antibodies
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What is the purpose of IgG-coated control cells?
To ensure
antiglobulin reagent reactivity
in each
negative
antiglobulin test tube
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What are A and B cells used for in reverse grouping?
To confirm
front typing
results
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What does Landsteiner's Law state?
If the patient's
RBCs
have an
antigen
, they do not have the
antibody
in the
serum
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What are antibody screening cells used for?
To detect
antibodies present
in a
patient's serum
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Why must antibodies be detected before transfusions?
To prevent
hemolytic
transfusion reactions and/or
death
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What do antibody panel cells consist of?
A panel of
RBCs
whose
antigens
are known
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How many vials are typically in an antibody panel?
10
to
20
vials
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What is gel technology used for?
To detect
antigen-antibody
reactions
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What does the microplate method adapt?
The
traditional
tube method to the
microtiter
plate
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What is the purpose of the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)?
To detect in
vitro sensitization
of
RBCs
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What is the procedure for the IAT?
Reagent red cells are
mixed
with patient's serum,
incubated
at
37°C
,
washed
, and
AHG
is added
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What is the purpose of potentiating media?
To enhance
antigen-antibody
complex
formation
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What does LISS do?
Increases
antibody uptake of
antigen
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What does bovine albumin allow?
Allows
sensitized
cells
to come close together to form
agglutination lattices
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What does polyethylene glycol (PEG) do?
Concentrates
antibodies and creates a
low-ionic
solution for
greater
antibody uptake
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