Research about the role of the father in attachment

• Who studied attachment in 1964 and found that only 3% of babies had the father as the first attachment?


  SCHAFFER + EMERSON
• What percentage of babies had an attachment with their father at 18 months according to SCHAFFER + EMERSON?


  75%
• What did FIELD's research in 1978 find regarding fathers as attachment figures?


  Fathers could be the primary attachment figure.
• How did the emotional focus of primary attachment fathers differ from secondary attachment fathers according to FIELD?


  Primary attachment fathers were more emotion-focused with their babies.
• What did GROSSMAN (2002) find about the role of fathers with their offspring?


  Fathers have a distinctive role related to play and stimulation.
• How was the quality of adolescent attachment related to fathers according to GROSSMAN?

  The quality of adolescent attachment was related to the father's play with infants.
• What conclusion did GROSSMAN reach about the roles of fathers and mothers in child development?

  Both roles are crucial to development but qualitatively different.
• What role do societal norms play in shaping the role of fathers?

  Societal norms influence the traditional roles of fathers and mothers.
• What was the traditional role of fathers and mothers in families according to the study material?

  Fathers would go out to work and mothers would stay home.
• How have families and fathers' roles changed over time according to the study material?

  Families and fathers' roles have changed significantly.