Electricity

• What is the direction of current flow in a circuit?

  From positive to negative
• What causes static electricity?

  Static electricity caused by the transfer of electrons when materials are rubbed together
• What happens in a series circuit if one component is disconnected?

  The others will stop working
• How does adding a resistor affect the total resistance in a circuit?

  Adding a resistor reduces the total resistance
• What is the relationship between power, current, and resistance?

  Power is calculated using the formula: Power = Current × Resistance
• What is the formula for potential difference?

  Potential difference = Current × Resistance
• What is the function of a step-down transformer?


  A step-down transformer reduces the voltage
• What is the purpose of the live wire in electrical wiring?

  The live wire provides current from the mains supply
• What is the role of the neutral wire in a circuit?

  The neutral wire completes the circuit
• What does the earth wire do in electrical wiring?

  The earth wire protects against electric shock by grounding the appliance
• What is a thermistor?

  A thermistor is a temperature-dependent resistor
• What is the difference between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC)?

  AC current is constantly changing, while DC current flows in one direction
• What is the function of an ammeter?


  An ammeter measures current
• What are the I-V characteristics of a filament diode?

  Filament diodes have a non-linear relationship between current and voltage
• What is the effect of resistance on current flow?

  Resistance slows down the flow of current
• What is the formula for energy transfer in electrical circuits?

  Energy = Charge × Potential Difference
• How is energy related to power and time?

  Energy = Power × Time
• What is the unit of power?


  The unit of power is the watt (W)
• What is the unit of resistance?

  The unit of resistance is the ohm (Ω)
• What is the unit of current?

  The unit of current is the ampere (A)
• What is the unit of potential difference?

  The unit of potential difference is the volt (V)
• What is the significance of the ground in electrical circuits?

  The ground provides a safe path for excess current to prevent electric shock
• What is the role of a variable resistor?

  A variable resistor allows for the adjustment of resistance in a circuit
• What is the purpose of a fuse in electrical circuits?

  A fuse protects the circuit by breaking the connection if the current is too high
• What is the function of a diode?


  A diode allows current to flow in one direction only
• What is the effect of temperature on a thermistor's resistance?

  The resistance of a thermistor decreases with an increase in temperature
• What is the relationship between current and voltage in a filament bulb?

  In a filament bulb, as the voltage increases, the current also increases
• What happens to the current in a parallel circuit when one branch is disconnected?

  The current continues to flow through the other branches
• What is the purpose of a circuit breaker?


  A circuit breaker automatically interrupts the flow of current in case of overload
• What is the effect of increasing the number of resistors in series?

  The total resistance increases
• What is the effect of increasing the number of resistors in parallel?

  The total resistance decreases
• What is the role of a transformer in electrical circuits?


  A transformer changes the voltage level in a circuit
• What is the significance of circuit diagrams?

  Circuit diagrams provide a visual representation of the components and connections in a circuit
• What is the role of a switch in an electrical circuit?

  A switch controls the flow of current in a circuit
• What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

  A fuse protects the circuit by breaking the connection if the current is too high
• What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in Ohm's Law?


  Ohm's Law states that Voltage = Current × Resistance