TISSUE lecture ppt

• SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM


  Single layer of thin, flat cells
• SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM functions

  • Diffusion
  • Filtration
  • Secretion
  • Protection against friction
• SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM locations

  • Lining of blood vessels and the heart Lymphatic vessels
  • Alveoli of the lungs, portions of the kidney tubules
  • Lining of serous membranes of body cavities
• SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  • Single layer of cubeshaped cells
  • Some have cilia or microvili
• SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM function

  • Secretion and absorption by cells of the kidney tubules
  • Secretion by cells of glands and choroid plexuses
  • Movement of particles placed in mucus out of the terminal bronchioles by ciliated cells
• SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM location

  • Kidney tubules, glands and their ducts
  • Choroid plexuses of the brain
  • Lining of terminal bronchioles of the lungs
  • Surfaces of the ovaries
• SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  • Single layer of tall, narrow cells
  • Some have cilia or microvili
• SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM function

  • Movement of particles out of the bronchioles of the lungs
  • Partially responsible for the movement of ovarian cells through the uterine tubes
  • Secretion by cells of the glands, stomach, and intestine
  • Absorption by cells of the intestine
• SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  locations:

  A) glands and some ducts

  B) bronchiole of lungs

  C) auditory tubes

  D) uterus

  E) uterine tubes

  F) stomach

  G) intestines

  H) gallbladder

  I) bile ducts

  J) ventricles

  
• STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

  Keratinized: cytoplasm of cells at the surface is replaced by a protein called keratin and the cells are dead
• STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

  Nonkeratinized: retain a nucleus and cytoplasm
• STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM function

  Protects against abrasion, forms a barrier against infection, and reduces loss of water from the body
• keratinized STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM location

  outer layer of the skin
• nonkeratinized STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM location

  • mouth
  • throat
  • larynx
  • esophagus
  • anus
  • vagina
  • inferior urethra
  • corneas
• STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  • Consists one or more than one layer of cuboidal epithelial cells
  • They are rare
• STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  function:

  A) absorption

  B) secretion

  C) protection

  
• STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  location

  A) sweat gland ducts

  B) ovarian follicular cells

  C) salivary glands

  
• STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  • Consists of one or more than one layer of epithelial cells
  • Only the surface cells are columnar
  • Deeper layers are irregular or cuboidal in shape
  • rare
• STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM functions

  • secretion
  • protection
  • some absorption
• STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  located at;

  A) mammary gland

  B) larynx

  C) male urethra

  
• PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  • Single layer of cells
  • Some are tall and thin and reach the free surface
  • At different levels and appear stratified
  • Almost always ciliated and are associated with goblet cells that secrete mucus onto the free surface
• PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM function

  Synthesize and secrete mucus onto the free surface and move mucus (or fluid) that contain foreign particles over the surface of the free surface and from passages
• PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  located at;

  A) nasal cavity

  B) nasal sinuses

  C) auditory tubes

  D) pharynx

  E) trachea

  F) bronchi

  
• TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

  • Stratified cells
  • Not stretched: appears cuboidal
  • Stretched: appears squamous
• TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM functions

  • Accommodates fluctuations in the volume of fluid in an organ or a tube
  • Protects against the caustic effects of urine
• TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM location

  Lining of urinary bladder, ureters, and superior urethra
• CONNECTIVE TISSUE functions

  • Encloses and separates other tissues
  • Connects tissues to one another
  • Supports and moves parts of the body
  • Stores compounds
  • Cushions and insulates
  • Transports gases, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, and cells of the immune system throughout the body
  • Protects against toxins and tissue injury, as well as against microorganisms
• AREOLAR

  • Fine network of fibers with spaces between the fibers
  • Fibroblasts, macrophages, and lymphocytes are located in the spaces
• AREOLAR function

  Loose packing, support, and nourishment for the structures with which it is associated
• AREOLAR

  location

  A) distributed

  B) rest

  C) packing

  
• ADIPOSE

  • Consists of adipocytes, or fat cells, which contain large amounts of lipid
  • Composed of large cells and a small amount of extracellular matrix
• ADIPOSE function

  • Packing material
  • Thermal insulator
  • Energy storage
  • Protection of organs against injury from being bumped or jarred
• ADIPOSE location

  Predominantly in subcutaneous areas, mesenteries, renal pelvis, around kidneys, attached to the surface of the colon, mammary glands, and in loose connective tissue that penetrates into spaces and crevices
• RETICULAR


  Fine network of reticular fibers irregularly arranged
• RETICULAR function

  Provides a superstructure for lymphatic and hemopoietic tissues
• RETICULAR location

  Within the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow
• LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUES:

  • areolar
  • adipose
  • reticular
• DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUES:

  • REGULAR COLLAGENOUS
  • IRREGULAR COLLAGENOUS
  • REGULAR ELASTIC
  • IRREGULAR ELASTIC
• SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE; CARTILAGE:

  • HYALINE
  • FIBROCARTILAGE
  • ELASTIC
• SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE; BONE:

  • SPONGY
  • COMPACT