reasons for success (PGs)

• size - more supporters = more pressure on government
• size - government reluctant to be at odds with public as constantly face re-election
• size - National Trust has 5.5 million members
• resources - wealthier groups can afford expensive campaigns
• resources - can employ lobbyists and find offices near centres of political power
• strategic position/expertise - groups seen as important to the economy or offering a critical public service can exert greater pressure
• strategic position/expertise - industrial groups possess leverage, e.g. BMA in 2021
• degree of alignment with gov policy - groups far more likely to achieve success if aligned with gov policy
• public sentiment - politicians more likely to support a popular cause
• public sentiment - example of the 2008 Gurka campaign heralded by public figure, Joanna Lumley
• resources - Institute of Directors has headquarters in Brussels and London