controlling variables

• what is briefing?

  BEFORE

  this is what is said to encourage a person to agree to participate

  contains information about consent,anonymity,right to withdraw
• what are standardised instructions?

  DURING

  clear instructions about exactly what they need to do in experiment
• what is a debrief?

  AFTER

  explains study in detail at end of experiment so that each participant is sure of the aim of the study, why they were doing what they were doing
• what is randomisation?

  refers to the use of chance wherever possible to reduce influence of the researcher on the design of the investigation

  is an attempt to control investigator effects/researcher bias
• what is standardisation?

  way in which procedures/materials/instructions within an investigation are kept same for all participants