self report techniques

    Cards (15)

    • what are 2 types of self report techniques?
      1. questionnaire
      2. interview
    • what is a questionnaire?
      involves asking a number of people about a specific topic to investigate their views, opinions, feelings , attitudes
    • what are open questions?
      allows participants to write their own answer
      produces qualitative data
    • what are closed questions?
      the participants choose their response from a limited number of fixed responses pre determined by researcher
      produces quantitative data
    • what are interviews?
      type of survey
      gathers more detailed information & enable a more natural/flexible approach to questioning
    • what are structured interviews?
      interviewer will mostly ask pre determined questions but may ask follow up questions to clarify a reponse
      can be open or closed
    • what are unstructured interviews?
      interviewer will have few pre determined questions
      this is more like a conversation
      mostly open questions
    • * efficient way of collecting data for questionnaires?
      can be mass produced, quick for participants to complete & can be analysed easily
      * population valid - more representative so findings can be generalised to target population
    • name 2 weaknesses of questionnaires?
      1. suffer from social desirability
      2. sample may be unrepresentative due to sampling biases
    • X suffer from social desirability for questionnaires?
      respondents may try to create a favourable impression of themselves
      ? internal valid - may not be able to generalise findings to other members of population outside of research context if results given are not based on honest answers
    • X unrepresentative sample for questionnaires?
      certain subgroups of people are more likely (unemployed/elderly) or less likely (young children/students) to respond
      ? population valid - there may not be a variety in sample of participants who take part & so findings cannot be generalised
    • * detailed info obtained for interviews?
      combo of structured & unstructured interviews encourages participants to be honest & allow them to express themselves whilst at same time allowing researcher to analyse responses using graphs
      * valid - the more data & rich detail that can be obtained the better the accuracy of results
    • name 2 weaknesses of interviews?
      1. more time consuming
      2. analysis of data
    • X time consuming for interviews?

      interviews require transcribing which takes many hours
      analysis of qualitative data will take long time
      ? valid - there are more efficient methods to collect a larger amount of data
      can also be costly
    • X analysis of data?
      can be more difficult to statistically analyse data from unstructured interviews as it tends to be qualitative
      is subjective & harder to analyse
      ? valid - can be difficult to draw conclusions from & can prevent results being generalised to explain target populations behaviour
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