Genes from chromosomes are cut out using restriction enzymes. The same restriction enzyme is then used to cut up a vector, like a bacterial plasmid, where the genes will be placed. Ligase enzymes attach the sticky ends of the gene and vector together to produce a recombinant gene product. This is placed into an early stage organism where it will develop with the desired characteristics. In plants, it will be places into the meristems and produce a clone.