Memory

• What is the Phonological loop?

  Stores a limited number of speech based sounds
• What are the two components of the phonological loop?

  Phonological store: The inner-ear, it is the sound reciever that stores acoustic information

  
  

  Articulatory process: The inner-voice that allows us to sub-vocally repeat items in our heads
• What is the central executive

  The main component of the short term memory

  Controls attentive processes and decision making

  Esentially supervises the whole process
• What is the episodic buffer?

  Intergrates and controls data in different memory stores
• What is the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

  Stores visual and spatial information (inner eye)
• What are the two components of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

  inner scribe: records arrangement of objects in the visual field

  Visual cache: Store visual data
• Capacity?

  The amount of information stored
• Duration

  How long the memory is held for
• Coding?

  Format in which the information is stored
• What is memory?

  a process in which we recall and retain information
• Jacobs

  • Investigated STM
  • Year 1887
  • Measured capacity by digit span
• Miller

  • Investigated STM
  • Improve STM by Chunking
  • Our capacity 7+/-2
  • Year 1956
• Peterson and Peterson

  • year 1959
  • 8 sets of trials
  • Participant given a trigram to remember and a 3 digit number to count down from, each trial told to stop after diffrent time periods e.g, 3 sec, 6sec, 9sec, 12sec
• investigating coding STM +LTM Baddeley

  participants were given a list of words and asked to recall them in the correct order
• in Baddeleys tests which test did the STM do badly in and what does this mean?

  they tended to do worse with words which were acoustically similar suggesting STM is coded acoustically
• in Baddeleys tests which test did the LMT do worse in and what does this mean?

  they tended to do worse in words that are semantically similar suggesting LMT is coded semantically
• Bahrick et al

  • year 1975
  • after 15yrs 90%acuraccy for yearbook photo
  • after 48yrs 70% accuracy for yera books