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Maryam D
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Cards (25)
What is
bioluminescence
?
Bioluminescence is the conversion of
potential energy
in
chemical bonds
into light during a redox reaction.
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How do fireflies produce light?
Fireflies produce light from the
oxidation
of the molecule
luciferin.
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What is a common feature of deep-sea fishes and some jellyfish regarding light emission?
They can control the
light
they
emit.
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What is the role of bioluminescent bacteria in some organisms?
Some organisms harbor
bioluminescent
bacteria to produce
light.
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What happens during an oxidation reaction?
An atom or ion
loses
electrons, and its oxidation number
increases.
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What occurs during a
reduction
reaction?
An atom or ion
gains
electrons, and its oxidation number
decreases.
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What principle is the
oxidation-number
method based on?
The principle that the total
mass
and charge are
conserved
in a chemical reaction.
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What is a species in the context of chemical reactions?
A species is any
chemical unit
involved in a process.
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What is a reducing agent?
A
reducing agent
is a species that can give up
electrons.
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What is an oxidizing agent?
An
oxidizing
agent is a species that can accept
electrons.
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What does a half-reaction represent in a redox reaction?
A half-reaction represents either the
oxidation
or
reduction
part of a redox reaction.
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What happens to iron in the oxidation process?
Each iron atom is oxidized by losing
three
electrons to become a
Fe
3
+
^{3+}
3
+
ion.
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What happens to chlorine in the reduction process?
Each chlorine atom in Cl is
reduced
by
accepting one electron
to become a Cl
−
^{-}
−
ion.
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What are the steps involved in the oxidation-number method for balancing redox equations?
Assign oxidation numbers to all species.
Identify which species are oxidized and reduced.
Make the number of electrons lost equal to the number of electrons gained.
Balance the increase and decrease in oxidation numbers.
Ensure the equation is balanced in terms of mass and charge.
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Why can some redox reactions be
difficult
to
balance
?
Because
elements
might appear more than once on each side of the
equation.
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What is produced from the reduction of nitrate ions in the reaction between copper and nitric acid?
The brown gas produced is
nitrogen dioxide
(
NO
2
_{2}
2
).
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What is the result of the oxidation of copper in the reaction with nitric acid?
The oxidation of
copper
results in the formation of
copper ions
(Cu
2
+
^{2+}
2
+
).
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What is the advantage of using a net ionic equation to represent a redox reaction?
Spectator ions are
eliminated.
Shows only the
substances
that
change
during the reaction.
Simplifies the
representation
of the
redox
process.
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What should be added to balance equations in an acidic solution?
Hydrogen ions (H
+
^{+}
+
) and/or water molecules can be added.
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What should be added to balance equations in a basic solution?
Hydroxide ions (OH
−
^{-}
−
) or water molecules can be added.
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Why is it important to know whether a reaction occurs in an acidic or basic solution when balancing an ionic redox equation?
Because the method of balancing
oxygen
atoms differs between
acidic
and basic solutions.
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What is the due date for the homework related to balancing redox equations?
The due date is Sunday,
15th
of
September.
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What is the due date for the homework related to balancing net ionic redox equations?
The due date is
Thursday
, 26th of
September.
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What is the learning objective of the copper sulfate and iron reaction
experiment
?
To observe and understand the chemical reaction between
copper sulfate
and iron, and to learn about the
oxidation-reduction
process involved.
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What materials are needed for the copper sulfate and iron reaction experiment?
Copper sulfate
(CuSO<latex>_{4}</latex) solution,
iron nails
, beaker, stirring rod, safety goggles, and gloves.
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