Anatomy mpharm

• What does the term "planes" refer to in anatomy?

  Imagined reference points that divide the body into various sections
• Why are positions important in documenting a patient's condition?


  They describe the site of disease or injury for accurate communication among healthcare professionals
• What is the midsagittal plane?


  A sagittal plane that runs directly down the midline of the body
• What distinguishes parasagittal planes from midsagittal planes?


  Parasagittal planes are off-center, while midsagittal planes are down the midline
• What does the oblique plane refer to?


  A plane at any angle other than horizontal or vertical
• What does the frontal (coronal) plane divide the body into?


  A front (anterior) side and a back (posterior) side
• What is the transverse (horizontal/axial) plane?


  A plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into top (superior) and bottom (inferior) portions
• What does the term "superficial" refer to in anatomical positions?


  A position close or nearer to the surface
• What does "intermediate" mean in anatomical positions?


  A position between superficial and deep structures
• What does "deep" mean in anatomical positions?


  A position further from the surface of the body
• What does "medial" refer to in anatomical terms?


  Towards the middle or center of the body
• What does "lateral" mean in anatomical positions?


  Away or farther from the midline of the body
• What does "superior" or "cranial" indicate in anatomical terms?


  Towards or nearer to the head
• What does "inferior" or "caudal" mean?


  Away from the head towards the floor or nearer to the feet
• What does "anterior" or "ventral" refer to?


  Towards or nearer the front of the body
• What does "posterior" or "dorsal" indicate?


  Towards or nearer the back of the body
• What does "proximal" mean in anatomical terms?


  Nearer or close to the point of origin
• What does "distal" refer to?


  Farther from the point of origin
• What does "cephalic" mean?


  Near the head
• What does "palmar" refer to?


  The anterior of the hand (palm)
• What does "plantar" describe?


  The inferior position of the foot (sole)
• What does "dorsal" refer to in anatomical terms?


  The posterior of the hand or superior of the foot
• Why are combinations of terms like "anteromedial" used in anatomy?


  To indicate specific positions relative to the midline
• From whose perspective are anatomical directions given?


  From the patient's perspective
• What position is an individual in when lying on their back?

  Supine position
• What position is an individual in when lying on their front?

  Prone position
• What does flexion refer to in movement?


  Movement that causes the angle between two bones of a joint to decrease
• What does extension refer to in movement?


  Movement that causes the angle between two bones of a joint to increase
• What does abduction mean in terms of limb movement?


  The motion of a limb away from the midline of the body
• What does adduction refer to in limb movement?


  The motion of a limb towards the midline of the body
• What does medial rotation mean?


  Internal rotation of a limb towards the midline
• What does lateral rotation refer to?


  External rotation of the limb away from the midline
• What motion did Sam's arm make during an upward bicep curl?


  Flexion
• What motion did Muhammad make when he turned his head around?


  Rotation/Extension
• What motion did Peter's leg make when he swung it out to the left side?


  Abduction or Adduction (depends on leg used)
• What motion did Emily make when she stretched both her arms upwards?


  Extension
• What does physiology study?


  The normal function of cells and the relationships between cells, tissues, organs, and body systems
• What type of cells are eukaryotic cells?


  Cells with a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear membrane
• What organisms are classified as eukaryotes?


  Protozoa, fungi, plants, and animals
• What advantage do eukaryotic cells have over prokaryotic cells?


  They can maintain different environments in a single cell for various metabolic reactions