Teeth Anatomy

• How many teeth are there in permanent dentition?

  32 teeth
• What types of teeth are found in the upper and lower jaw?

  Incisors, canines, and molars
• What is the arrangement of teeth from the midline of one side of each jaw?

  • 2 incisors
  • 1 canine
  • 2 premolars
  • 3 molars
• Where is the maxillary central incisor located?

  Mesial, closer to the midline of the face
• What is unique about the maxillary central incisor compared to other anterior teeth?

  It is the widest tooth mesiodistally
• What shape does the maxillary central incisor appear to be?

  More rectangular or square in shape
• How do the mesial and distal incisal angles of the maxillary central incisor differ?

  The mesial incisal angle is sharper than the distal incisal angle
• What are the three rounded features on the incisal edges of newly erupted central incisors called?

  Mamelons
• What happens to mammelons over time?

  They disappear as the enamel wears away by friction
• How does the mesial outline of the maxillary central incisor appear?

  Straight or slightly convex
• What is the shape of the cervical line of the maxillary central incisor?

  It appears as a semicircle
• What features are found on the palatal side of the maxillary central incisor?

  A small convexity called a cingulum and a large concavity called the lingual fossa
• What are the slightly raised portions along the mesial and distal sides of the maxillary central incisor called?

  Marginal ridges
• Where are developmental grooves found on the maxillary central incisor?

  On the cingulum and lying into the lingual fossa
• How does the crown of the maxillary central incisor appear from the mesial view?

  As a triangle, with the point at the incisal edge and the base at the cervix
• How does the labial surface of the crown appear from the mesial view?

  Convex from the crest of curvature to the incisal edge
• What is the shape of the lingual surface of the crown from the mesial view?

  Convex near the cingulum and incisal edge, but concave in between
• How does the distal view of the maxillary central incisor compare to the mesial view?

  It is very similar, but the crown appears thicker at the mesial
• How does the cervical line curve in the distal view compared to the mesial view?

  It curves less in comparison to the mesial view
• How does the labial surface appear from the incisal view?

  Broad and flat
• How does the lingual portion appear from the incisal view?

  Tapers lingually towards the cingulum
• What is the shape of the root of the maxillary central incisor?

  Cone-shaped with a blunt apex
• How does the length of the root compare to the length of the crown?

  The root is usually 2-3 mm longer than the crown
• Where is the most common point of curvature in the root of the maxillary central incisor?

  Near the apex, commonly toward the distal and lingual
• Where are the maxillary lateral incisors located?

  Lateral from both maxillary central incisors and medially from both maxillary canines
• How does the maxillary lateral incisor compare to the maxillary central incisor?

  It is smaller in every dimension
• What geometric shape does the labial view of the maxillary lateral incisor fit into?

  Trapezoid
• How do the mesial and distal incisal angles of the maxillary lateral incisor compare to the central incisor?

  They are more rounded
• How does the root of the maxillary lateral incisor typically appear?

  Often tapered distally with a sharp curve
• What is the shape of the mesial view of the maxillary lateral incisor?

  Fits into the geometric shape of a triangle
• How does the curvature of the cervical line appear from the mesial aspect of the maxillary lateral incisor?

  It sharply inclines towards the incisal ridge
• How does the distal cervical line compare to the mesial cervical line?

  It is slightly more cervical by close to a millimeter
• Where is the maxillary canine located?

  Laterally from both maxillary lateral incisors and mesial from both maxillary first premolars
• How does the crown and root of the maxillary canine compare to the maxillary central incisor?

  They are narrower mesiodistally
• What is the shape of the cervical line labially on the maxillary canine?

  Convex, with the convexity toward the root portion
• What is the appearance of the labial surface of the crown of the maxillary canine?

  Smooth, with no developmental lines except shallow depressions
• How does the incisal edge of the maxillary canine appear?

  It has mesial and distal slopes, with the mesial slope shorter than the distal slope
• What is unique about the root of the maxillary canine?

  It has the longest root
• How does the crown of the maxillary canine appear from the lingual aspect?

  Narrower on the lingual side with a prominent cingulum
• What is found below the cingulum on the lingual aspect of the maxillary canine?

  A lingual ridge dividing the lingual fossa