Midterm pr2

• Independent Variable is the cause variable.
• Dependent Variable is the effect variable
• Extraneous variables are variables that kept constant in an experiement.
• The background of the study is the part of your paper where you inform the reader of the context of the study.
• The background of the study also talks about the research problem; it must be sharp and concise.
• The background of the study imparts new knowledge to the readers.
• Research Gap is the under or unexplored area of a topic that requires further exploration. The research gap can be in a form of other variables, conditions, population, methodology, or test subject.
• The research questions help clarify and specify the research problem. They are also considered as subproblems of your research problem and are informative in nature.
• Research Problems should be written in third person point of view. As, second person point of view is informal.
• Feasible - Consider the amount of time, energy, money, respondents, and even your current situation as a student-researcher.
• Clear - The clarity of how the questions are stated lead to agreement of meaning of the readers of your study.
• Significant - Ask if your research questions are relevant or important to ask.
• Ethical - Always consider the welfare of people, animals or whosoever is involved in your study.
• Research Questions for Descriptive Research - Focus on observing, describing, and reporting factors or aspects of the research problem.
• Research Questions for Correlational Research

  Aim to determine the relationships among two or more variables in your research problem.
• Research Questions for Experimental Research

  Suggests that answers to these questions are brought about by manipulation or control of a certain variable during the conduct of the study.
• Scope - It specifies the coverage of your study such as variables, population or participant, and timeline.
• Delimitation - It cites factors of your study that are not included or excluded or those you will not deal in your study.
• Limitation - are those variables included in your study. Hence, limitation of the study is actually the identified scope of the study.
• A research framework illustrates the structure or blueprint of the research plan and helps the researcher formulate relevant research questions.
• Research Framework - It can be presented using visual (diagrams, chart, etc.) and narrative (paragraph stating the concepts and relationships of the study) form.
• Theoretical Framework - is commonly used for studies that anchor on time- tested theories that relate the findings of the investigation to the underpinning relevant theory of knowledge.
• Conceptual Framework - refers to the actual ideas, beliefs, and tentative theories that specifically support the study.
• A concept map is a visual representation of information that helps show the relationship between ideas.
• Concept maps are very useful for researchers and readers who understand better visually.
• The Input-Process-Output Model (IPO) is a conceptual paradigm that indicates the inputs, required process, and the output.
• Input-Process-Output Mode - This approach is seated on the premise of acquiring essential information by converting inputs into outputs through the required processing steps in obtaining the result.
• Definition of Terms is also called as Operational Definition of Variables (ODV). The word operational refers to “how the word or term was used in the study."
• The conceptual definition is the meaning of the term that is based on how it is defined in the dictionary or encyclopedia.
• Operational Definition - The meaning of the term based on how it was used in the study.
• Operational Definition - The term is not common or widely known and the term has a specific or unique meaning in the context of the study.