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• What does social psychology examine?


  It examines how people affect one another and the power of the situation.
• How does social psychology define its scope?


  It is the scientific study of how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others and the social environment.
• What does social psychology emphasize about behavior?


  It emphasizes that behavior is often shaped by the context we find ourselves in.
• How do people typically respond in new situations according to social psychology?


  People will change their behavior to align with the social situation at hand.
• What are the two levels at which social psychology studies topics?


  It studies topics at both the intra- and interpersonal levels.
• What are the main topics studied in intrapersonal social psychology?


  • Emotions & Attitudes: How feelings shape perceptions and responses.
  • The Self: Concepts of self-identity, self-esteem, and self-perception.
  • Social Cognition: How we think about social situations and cognitive biases.
• What are the main topics studied in interpersonal social psychology?


  • Helping Behavior: Factors influencing why people help others.
  • Aggression: Biological, psychological, and environmental factors.
  • Prejudice and Discrimination: Roots of prejudice from stereotypes or cultural conditioning.
  • Attraction and Close Relationships: Dynamics of forming and maintaining connections.
  • Group Processes: Behavior in group settings, including conformity and groupthink.
  • Intergroup Relationships: Dynamics between different social groups.
• What does social psychology recognize about behavior?


  It recognizes that behavior is shaped by the interaction of a person's internal traits and their external environment.
• What is situationism in social psychology?

  Situationism holds that behavior is determined by our immediate environment and surroundings.
• What is dispositionism in social psychology?

  Dispositionism argues that behavior is influenced by internal factors like personality traits.
• How do modern social psychologists view behavior?


  They recognize that both situational and dispositional factors contribute to behavior.
• What is the fundamental attribution error (FAE)?


  FAE refers to the tendency to overemphasize internal factors when explaining the behavior of others.
• How does the FAE manifest in U.S. culture?


  There is a strong inclination to attribute behaviors to personal traits rather than situational factors.
• What is a typical explanation for Greg yelling at his wife after a long day?


  He is considered an angry person (internal attribution) rather than considering situational factors like job loss.
• What did the Quizmaster Study by Ross et al. (1977) demonstrate?


  It highlighted how people overlook situational factors when judging others' intelligence.
• Do all cultures commit the fundamental attribution error?


  No, research suggests that they do not.
• What characterizes individualistic cultures regarding FAE?


  They have a higher likelihood of committing the fundamental attribution error, attributing behaviors to personal traits.
• What characterizes collectivistic cultures regarding FAE?


  They are less likely to commit the fundamental attribution error, considering social context and cultural influences.
• What is the actor-observer bias?


  It refers to the tendency for people to attribute their own behaviors to situational factors while attributing others' behaviors to internal factors.
• How do actors and observers differ in their explanations of behavior?


  Actors provide situational explanations for their own behavior, while observers often cite internal traits for others' behavior.
• What did the study by Nisbett et al. (1973) reveal about personal explanations?


  Participants focused on internal qualities when explaining why they liked their girlfriend.
• What is the self-serving bias?


  It is the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to internal factors and negative outcomes to external factors.
• What are the three main dimensions of attribution?

  They are locus of control, stability, and controllability.
• What does the just-world hypothesis suggest?


  It suggests that people get what they deserve, leading to the perception that the world is fair.
• What is a consequence of the just-world hypothesis?


  It can lead to victim blaming, where individuals assume victims are responsible for their misfortunes.
• What is the implication of victim blame?


  It reflects dispositional attributions that ignore situational factors affecting behavior.
• What is the role of organizations like Domestic Violence Ended (DOVE)?


  They work to shift blame from victims to perpetrators, emphasizing societal support and accountability.
• What are the key components of self-presentation in social psychology?


  • Managing behavior and expressions in social contexts.
  • Social Roles: Expected behaviors associated with specific positions.
  • Social Norms: Group expectations of appropriate behavior.
  • Scripts: Mental guidelines for expected sequences of events in social situations.
• What are social roles in social psychology?


  Social roles are patterns of behavior expected from individuals in specific positions within a group.
• How do social norms influence behavior?


  Social norms dictate appropriate and acceptable behavior for group members.
• What are scripts in social psychology?


  Scripts are mental guidelines that outline the expected sequence of events and behaviors in specific social situations.
• How do scripts help individuals in social situations?


  They provide clarity and direction, helping individuals navigate interactions based on cultural norms.
• What did Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrate?


  It demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts in influencing behavior.
• Who conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment?

  Philip Zimbardo and colleagues.
• In what year was the Stanford Prison Experiment conducted?


  1971.
• Where was the Stanford Prison Experiment conducted?


  Stanford University.
• What was the purpose of the Stanford Prison Experiment?


  To study the psychological effects of prison life.
• What was the recruitment method for the Stanford Prison Experiment?


  Advertisement placed in a California newspaper for male participants.
• What is the purpose of scripts in familiar settings?


  Scripts provide clarity and direction, reducing anxiety and confusion.
• How do social roles relate to social norms?


  Social roles are shaped by social norms, which provide guidelines for acceptable behavior.