Blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusion
Involves collecting blood from a donor so it can be used to treat someone else
Directed blood donation is when the blood is intended for the use of specific patient
A donation in which the recipient chooses the donor
Blood from directed donors is no safer than from the volunteer blood supply
Allogenic blood donation is a whole blood donation
Blood donated is intended for the use of general patient population [e.g., Mass blood donation]
Autologous blood donation is when blood is donated by the owner for future use → “Donor-patient”
Apheresis is a type of blood donation in which a specific component of the blood is only extracted, and the remaining components are returned to the donor 2-3 hours (done)
Separation of components is based on specific gravity or weight
Continuous flow centrifugation is a method in apheresis where process of withdrawal, processing and reinfusion of the blood is performed simultaneously in a continuous manner
2 venipuncture sites are needed
one is for withdrawal
the other is for reinfusion
Types of Apheresis (PPLEH)
Plateletpheresis
Plasmapheresis
Leukapheresis
Erythtocytapheresis
HPC Pheresis
Voluntarily, non-remunerated blood donors donates on his own free will, without receiving any payment
Personal or Commercial blood donor donates blood for the sake of money
Family or Replacement blood donor donates blood for somebody in the community.
Allows family and friends to make donations to replace blood that was utilized by you
Walk-in donor are more common in allogeneic donations
Walking donor waits for the signal to donate; they already passed the screening test (with rare blood type)
For patient who need fresh blood
Medical history interview in donor screening is done by the physician, as well as medtechs
Medical history interview is done in a form of Questionnaires: to protect the donors, to protect the recipient
Age requirement for allogenic blood donation should be ≥ 16 or 17 years old
In blood donation,
18 years old below must have parental consent
65 years old above must have physician’s consent
Autologous blood donation has no age and weight requirements
Required temperature of blood donors should not be more than 37.5 °C or 99.5 °F
Required pulse rate of blood donors should be 50-100 bpm
Required blood pressure of blood donors should be:
Systolic → 90-160 mmHg
Diastolic → 60-100 mmHg
Blood extraction/Bleeding is done in 15-30 minutes
BE ALERT for the donor’s reaction/s
Mild donor reactions includes:
Syncope
Nausea/Vomiting
Hyperventilation
Twitching/Spasms
Convulsions
Sweating
Dizziness
Anxiety/Nervousness
Palpitations
Pallor
Moderate donor reactions includes:
Reactions seen under the mild category in addition to loss of consciousness
Decreased pulse rate
Hyperventilation
Drop in systolic pressure to 60 mmHg
Severe donor reactions includes:
Convulsions
Marked hyperventilation
Epilepsy
Blood storage should be first in, first out
A loss of viability and function and function associated with certain biochemical change that happens when blood is stored in vitro
Storage temperature of whole blood and WBC should be 1-6 °C or less than/equal -65 °C
Storage temperature of plasma should be -18 °C or -65 °C
Storage temperature of platelets should be 20-24 °C, with constant agitation
Storage temperature of granulocytes and leukocytes should be 20-24 °C
Deferral is the prevention of the donor from donating
Permanent deferral is when prospective donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else
May be eligible to donate autologous blood only
May result from testing performed on previous donation
Temporary deferral is when donor is unable to donate blood for a limited period of time
e.g., donor has to receive a blood transfusion; deferral of 12 months from date of transfusion // donor received vaccination for yellow fever, defer for two weeks from date of vaccination
Temporary deferral is subjected to 3 years deferral when
Temporary deferral is subjected to 1 year deferral when
Temporary deferral is subjected to 2 months deferral when:
Donor had recent blood donation
Temporary deferral is subjected to 1 month deferral when
Temporary deferral is subjected to 6 weeks deferral when:
Donor had delivery of baby (AABB)
in the Philippines (9 months after child birth)
Temporary deferral is subjected to 48 hrs deferral when
Temporary deferral is subjected to 12 hrs deferral when:
Donor had alcohol intake
Temporary deferral is subjected to 4 hrs deferral when: