When two monomers link together a molecule of water is eliminated. Many condensation reactions occur when many monomers link together to form a polymer
Storage form of alpha glucose in animals found inside liver and muscle cells; highly branched that allows the quick release of glucose from the ends of branches to be used in respiration; has both 1-4 and 1-6glycosidic bonds.
structural polysaccharide of beta glucose in plants; most important component of the cell wall; gives plant cell rigidity because the cellulose cell wall is inelastic and has high tensile strength to prevent the plant cells from bursting
Beta glucose monomers joined by glycosidic bonds; with each adjacent beta molecule rotated 180º to each other; forming straight chains; hydrogen bonds form between OH groups of the straight chains many straight chains joined form a strong microfibril; many microfibrils form a strong cellulosebundle
Has a similar structure to cellulose. It differs in that some of the OH groups of each of the beta glucose molecules are replaced by nitrogen containing acetylamine groups. It forms the exoskeleton of arthropods such as insects,arachnids, and crustaceans (e.g. crabs). It also forms the cell wall of fungi.
Made from carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen, the same elements as carbohydrates, but lipids contain proportionally less oxygen than carbohydrates. They are NOT polymers; lipids include triglycerides and phospholipids.
Not polymers as they are made up of two different types of subunit- glycerol & fatty acids, which have different structures. Triglycerides aren't made of identicalmonomers.
Several types of fatty acids; made up of a methyl group(CH3), a long hydrocarbon chain(CH2), and a carboxyl group(COOH). Is either saturated or unsaturated.
A hydrocarbon chain with no doublebonds between carbon atoms, has a straight hydrocarbon chain and has the maximum no. of hydrogen atoms bound to the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
There are one(mono) or many(poly) carbon to carbon doublebonds in the hydrocarbon chain. This means the chain doesn't contain the maximum no. hydrogen atoms.
1 glycerol molecule combines with 3fatty acid molecules, each fatty acid is linked to the glycerol by an ester bond. 1 triglyceride will have a total of 3 ester bonds. The ester bonds are formed by condensation reactions.
These are unhealthy and contain and transport saturated fats and cause harm. Fatty material can block major arteries (plaque) and cause a myocardial infarction (heart attack)
These are healthy and contain and transport unsaturated fats and carry harmful fats away to the liver for disposal. A higher proportion of HDL in the blood lowers the risk of heart disease.
Insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents, (e.g. acetone or ethanol); fats are solid at room temperature (like lard & butter); oils & liquids at room temperature (like olive oil)