Save
psychology
approaches
behaviourism
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
daisy-rose mcevoy
Visit profile
Cards (23)
What do behaviourists believe about learning?
Behaviourists believe that we learn through making
associations
and responding to the
environment.
View source
What is the focus of behaviourism in psychology?
Behaviourism
focuses on the study of observable behaviour in
lab-based
experiments that generate data.
View source
Why did behaviourists reject previous psychological approaches?
Behaviourists rejected previous approaches because they were too
vague
and not
scientific.
View source
What is the concept of "tabula rasa" in behaviourism?
Tabula
rasa
refers to the idea that all animals start life with a
clean slate
that is written on through learning.
View source
What are the two learning processes identified by behaviourists?
Classical
Conditioning
Operant
Conditioning
View source
What is classical conditioning?
Classical conditioning is simple learning by making
associations
between two things, training a
reflex
action.
View source
What did Pavlov's experiment with
dogs
demonstrate?
Pavlov's experiment demonstrated that dogs could link a bell with food, producing a salivatory
reflex.
View source
What is operant conditioning?
Operant conditioning requires the organism to produce an
action
or "
operation
" to receive a
consequence
.
View source
What is Thorndike's Law of Effect?
Thorndike's Law of Effect states that
rewarding
consequences will lead to repeated behaviour, while
negative
consequences will extinguish it.
View source
What are the two types of consequences in operant conditioning?
Reinforcement:
Increases
likelihood of behaviour
Punishment:
Decreases
likelihood of behaviour
View source
What is positive punishment?
Positive punishment involves
applying
something to
decrease
the likelihood of a behaviour.
View source
How does negative reinforcement work?
Negative reinforcement
increases
the likelihood of a behaviour by
removing
an unpleasant stimulus.
View source
What are the key components of reinforcement and punishment?
Reinforcement
: Promotes behaviour
Punishment
: Extinguishes behaviour
Positive
: Applying something
Negative
: Removing something
View source
What is a Skinner Box used for?
A Skinner Box is used to train animals to perform actions for rewards in
operant
conditioning experiments.
View source
What is extinction in the context of operant conditioning?
Extinction is the gradual
decline
of a behaviour until it stops completely.
View source
What does generalisation mean in behaviourism?
Generalisation is the application of a
learned
rule to a new setting.
View source
What are the different schedules of reinforcement?
Fixed
Ratio: Reward after a
set
number of responses
Variable
Ratio: Reward after an
unpredictable
number of responses
Fixed
Interval: Reward after a set amount of time
Variable
Interval: Reward after an unpredictable amount of time
View source
What is a token economy?
A token economy is a behaviour modification system where specific behaviours are
rewarded
with
tokens
that can be exchanged for items.
View source
How is behaviour modification applied in prisons?
Specific
behaviours are targeted
Rewards are given for behaviour
modification
Consistent
application by staff is necessary
Works best in
controlled
environments
View source
How does drug addiction relate to reinforcement?
Drug addiction starts with
positive
reinforcement but can shift to negative reinforcement to avoid
pain.
View source
What did Skinner believe about raising children?
Skinner believed children could be raised into
perfect
citizens using purely
behavioural
techniques.
View source
What are the strengths of behaviourist methodology?
Well-controlled
experiments
Reproducible
and objective data
Excellent insight into
learning
processes
View source
What are the weaknesses of behaviourist methodology?
Ignores free will and
emotional
aspects of behaviour
Overemphasis on
conditioning
for all behaviour
Simplistic
view of complex behaviours
View source
See similar decks
behaviourism
psychology > approaches
14 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
11 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
9 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
7 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
19 cards
Behaviourism
psychology ⋆。°✩ > Approaches
23 cards
Behaviourist approach
Psychology > Approaches
21 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
19 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
18 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > approaches
19 cards
BEHAVIOURISM
PSYCHOLOGY > APPROACHES
17 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
33 cards
behaviourism
psychology > approaches
10 cards
behaviourism
Psychology > approaches
15 cards
Behaviourism
psychology > Approaches
17 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
17 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
34 cards
Behaviourist
Psychology > Approaches
45 cards
Behaviourism
Psychology > Approaches
25 cards
behaviourism
psychology > approaches
21 cards
Behaviourism + SLT
Psychology approaches
29 cards