misc
Cards (64)
- A malunion is a healed fracture in which anatomical bone alignment was not achieved or maintained during healing. You note a deviation away from the median sagittal plane, how would you best describe this deformity?
- Luna, a 9-year-old Thoroughbred mare, was presented with a gradually worsening lameness issue. Luna displayed lameness, which was initially mild and subtle but had progressed to become pronounced, even at a walk. Luna exhibited increased lameness and discomfort when her affected joint, in this case, her hock, was flexed. There was noticeable swelling and heat in the hock joint, along with a mild effusion. what is the likely diagnosis?
- Max, an 8-year-old Thoroughbred gelding, was presented with concerns of swelling, lameness, and pain in his left hind limb. Max was diagnosed with suspensory desmitis, what treatment would you advise?
- What concentration of IgG on the second day of life is considered adequate?
- The cardiac form of white muscle disease mainly affects what age group?
- a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare, was brought to the clinic due to decreased appetite, mild colic, and general discomfort. A faecal sample was collected and examined for parasitic eggs and larvae. Numerous botfly eggs were detected in Luna's faeces. An oral examination was performed, revealing the presence of botfly larvae attached to Luna's gums and beneath her tongue. You also advise an antiparasitic for future control, what do you recommend?
- What is the most common cause of maxillary sinusitis in a horse
- When assessing a horse with a right front lameness that significantly improves by approximately 85% following a low four-point block, which area is the most probable source of the lameness?
- 4-year-old TB racehorse named Bolt is presented for poor performance over the past few weeks. he had a short-stride, general discomfort when moving, sometimes refusing to move and displaying an awkward gait. The muscles felt hard and painful to the touch, particularly in the hindquarters and back. he appeared sweaty, anxious, and trembling. There was an increase in both respiration and heart rate. The trainer reports decreased urine production, with urine appearing reddish-brown. what initial diagnostic test would you request?
- A 16yr old brood mare is presented to you as this season she is struggling to conceive. She has had 5 foals without a problem previously. You perform a rectal exam and find one ovary is enlarged while the other is small and firm. You follow this up with transrectal ultrasound and see a ‘honeycomb’ like appearance of the enlarged ovary. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- It’s approaching Autumn, a 5yr old mare is described as ‘itchy, scabby and losing hair on her tail’ by her owners. On clinical presentation you see the following, what is the most likely diagnosis?
- What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A 4-year-old mare is presented with discolouration around the nostrils, that occurred 3 weeks after recovering from an URT. She now presents with well demarcated oedema of all 4 limbs and haemorrhages on the visible mucosal membranes. she is depressed, tachycardic and tachypnoeic; there is some reluctance to move. Routine blood work shows elevated white cell counts, low red blood cells counts and hyperfibrinogenaemia. You perform a biopsy of the skin lesion which shows nonleukocytoclastic vasculitis with necrosis of blood vessels. what is the diagnosis?
- What is the most common cause of equine abortion?
- A 5yr old mare recovering from strangles undergoes endoscopy, during which chondroids are identified in the guttural pouches. what is the likely diagnosis?
- A 17yr old grey gelding undergoes endoscopy for suspected gastric ulcers. No gastric ulcers are found – hyperpigmentation is noted in the guttural pouches. what is the likely diagnosis?
- A 6-month-old foal is presented with a unilateral swelling caudal to the vertical ramus of the mandible. what is the likely guttural pouch diagnosis?
- An equine foetus is ready to be delivered, what is the normal position:
- A 4-day old foal is presented for examination. He appeared normal at birth and his navel was treated appropriately but over the last 24 hours the stud owners have become concerned due to his reluctance to suck and increased time spent in recumbency. On clinical examination you identify pyrexia, prolonged skin tent and congested mucous membranes. You decide to take a blood sample and identify high fibrinogen, high serum amyloid A, low IgG and hypoglycaemia. What is the most likely diagnosis and underlying aetiology?
- Synovitis can manifest in the tibiotarsal joint even in the absence of an underlying disease, and this occurrence is frequently observed in sport horses and Western performance horses engaged in active work. What is another name for chronic synovitis?
- You’re an equine vet. A 16-year-old grey Thoroughbred gelding is presented for investigation of chronic weight loss and recent onset of respiratory difficulty alongside a lesion that the owner has seen on the face. The horse had recently developed depression, inappetence, pyrexia and pectoral oedema. The owner states the lesion has been present on the head for about two years. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- The toxin hypoglycin A found in the seedlings can cause muscle damage affecting the ability of the horse to stand and breathe normally. Which plant does this refer to?
- how do you treat EIPH in racehorses?
- Taking into account the signalment and clinical exam findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?
- A 4-year-old mare named Luna was presented. Luna's owner had noticed that she had not shown signs of oestrus for an unusually extended period, approximately five months after her last heat cycle. Luna appears normal and has had multiple and normal live births in the past. Concerned about this prolonged dioestrus, Luna's owner sought further evaluation. Ultrasound does not show pregnancy and rectal examination reveals follicles on the left ovaries but you note that they both feel roughly the same consistency and in size. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- Sepsis is a prevalent condition in foals, primarily occurring within the neonatal period (usually within the first 10-14 days of life). What is the most common isolate cultured from foals with neonatal sepsis?
- You are called out to investigate a case of poor performance in an 8-year-old Thoroughbred horse. Upon auscultation and ECG analysis, you have diagnosed the horse with atrial fibrillation. What is the most appropriate first line of treatment?
- 9yo QH, Duke presented with severe lameness and a hx of grain overload. he consumed a large amount of grain, and shortly afterwards, he became reluctant to move and displayed an abnormal posture. on CE he had an inc temp, a hard pulse in the digital arteries and he appeared in pain,(unwilling to move + hesitant gait). Tn abaxial sesamoid nerve block was performed on his forelimb digits to which effect the horse had a better range of movement and appeared much improved. The symptoms persist and after a few weeks, you take radiographs (see image). What is the diagnosis?
- Which pathology is associated with the below findings?
- The engorgement of the corpus cavernosum with blood and relaxation of smooth muscles may lead to the inability to withdraw the penis into the sheath (paraphimosis). Which drug is associated with this side effect?
- When assessing a horse with a right front lameness that significantly improves by approximately 85% following a low four-point block, which area is the most probable source of the lameness?
- 6yo mare, Bella was brought in due to aggressive behaviours. she has a hx of stallion-like behaviours, including mounting other mares and displaying excessive "social animation" towards other horses in her paddock. on CE she has developed a cresty neck and noticeable weight gain. the aggression has escalated, and she is frequently observed biting and kicking not only towards other horses but also towards people. what is the medical cause of this behaviour?
- Your patient is a 4-day old foal with a loud harsh, holosystolic murmur with a PMI on the right side of the chest. It is accompanied by an additional softer systolic murmur that you note cranially by the heart base on the left side. What is your top differential diagnosis?