reading 1

• Who is the author of the article "The Cavite Mutiny Toward a Definitive History"?

  John N. Schumacher, S.J.
• How do textbook accounts generally portray the 1872 revolt in Cavite?


  As a mutiny of Filipino soldiers and arsenal workers over local grievances.
• What does the article suggest about the instigators of the Cavite Mutiny?

  It points to real authors who escaped execution due to their Masonic ties to Izquierdo.
• What are the key themes discussed in the article regarding the Cavite Mutiny?


  • Separatist revolt
  • Spanish colonialism
  • Role of José Burgos
  • Influence of Masonry
  • Historiography of the event
• What year did the Cavite Mutiny occur?


  1872
• What has been declared about the records of the trials related to the Cavite Mutiny?


  They have been declared lost by the Spanish government.
• What does the article imply about the reliability of textbook treatments of the Cavite Mutiny?


  They are based on a few often contradictory accounts and lack definitive conclusions.
• Who was the governor during the time of the Cavite Mutiny?

  Governor Rafael de Izquierdo.
• What was the purpose of Izquierdo's letter to the Overseas Minister?


  To provide an account of the mutiny and its instigators.
• What was the planned signal for the revolt in Cavite?

  Skyrockets were to signal the rebels.
• How did the rebels in Cavite mistakenly react to the signal for the revolt?


  They mistook fireworks from the Sampaloc fiesta for the agreed-upon signal.
• What was the intended outcome of the revolt according to Izquierdo?


  To kill all Spaniards and proclaim independence.
• What prevented the reinforcements from joining the rebels?

  A gunboat stationed by the navy blocked their path.
• How did Izquierdo first learn about the uprising?


  Through a message brought by the navy.
• What role did anonymous reports play in Izquierdo's response to the mutiny?


  They alerted him to a planned revolt, keeping him on high alert.
• What happened to the 300 men of regiment no. 7 in Cavite during the mutiny?


  They remained loyal to Spain and fought against the rebels.
• When did the assault on the fort in Cavite begin?


  At 6 a.m.
• What was found in the fort after it was taken?

  The commander of the fort was dead, and his wife was wounded.
• Who were the two officers found under arrest in the fort?

  They were not identified by Izquierdo.
• On what date was the fort taken by storm?

  22 January
• What time did the assault on the fort begin?


  6 a.m.
• Who was found dead in the fort after it was taken?

  The commander of the fort
• What was the condition of the commander's wife when the fort was taken?


  She was wounded
• Who was visiting the commander at the time of the assault?

  A friar of San Juan de Dios
• What did Izquierdo mention about the two officers found in the fort?


  One was dead and the other seriously wounded
• What were the names of the Spanish lieutenants involved in the revolt?

  Morquecho and José Montesinos
• Who urged the lieutenants to command the revolting artillerymen?

  Friar Rufián
• What happened to Montesinos and Sergeant Lamadrid during the revolt?


  Montesinos was killed, and Lamadrid was also killed
• Why did Morquecho put a gun to his head?


  He was distressed after the revolt failed
• What was the regiment number of Montesinos and Morquecho?


  Regiment no. 7
• What did Izquierdo imply about the role of Spanish officers among the rebels?


  He was reluctant to admit their involvement
• What was the significance of the name of Montesinos not being found on the honoring wreaths?


  It indicated a lack of recognition for his role
• How did Izquierdo characterize the cause of the uprising?


  As purely military, excluding the participation of arsenal workers
• What did Izquierdo say about the suppression of the exemption of arsenal workers?


  He mentioned it as a mere pretext used by instigators
• When was the decree revoking the exemption of arsenal workers published?

  Twenty days before the revolt
• What was the role of the navy during the revolt according to Izquierdo?


  The navy cooperated in putting an end to the revolt
• How many rebels did Izquierdo initially claim were involved in the revolt?


  Scarcely 200 men
• What did Izquierdo later specify about the number of rebels?


  38 artillerymen and 54 marines
• When did Sgt. Bonifacio Octavo first learn about the revolt?


  At least as early as November or December 1871
• Who urged Octavo to rebel against Spain?

  Marine corporal Pedro Manonson