Classification

• Cladistics groups organisms based on DNA base sequences
• Taxonomy is a way of grouping organisms based on their anatomy and morphology (external features)
• Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
• Different kingdoms:

  Plantae, animalia, fungi, protoctista, prokaroyatae
• plantae features


  Multicellular, have cell walls, have chlorophyll, feed autotrophically
• Animalia features


  Multicellular, no cell wall, no chlorophyll, feed heterotrophic ally
• Fungi features 


  Multicellular, cell walls, no chlorophyll, feed saprophytically
• Protoctista features


  Unicellular, have a nucleus
• Prokaroyatae features


  Unicellular, have no nucleus
• Carl Linnaeus came up with the binomial system
• fungi: have a huge range of sizes from single called to some of the largest organisms on earth, cells have a cell wall made chitin, eukaryotic cells, needs moist and humid areas
• Importance of fungi


  Decomposes and vital in nutrient cycles, can be agents of disease, can be good food source, used in biotechnology
• Plants kingdom is divided into misses, ferns and seed plants (angiosperms)
• Ferns:


  better adapted to life on land than mosses, they have roots stems complex leaves and vascular tissue, able to produce spores for wide dospersal, don’t have thick cuticles can only survive humid areas, reproduce by gametes
• Angiosperms:


  evolved into any species, have colonised almost every available habitat, more than 80 percent of plants are angiosperms (plants with enclosed seeds)
• Two groups of angiosperms


  Monocotyledons have a single cotyledon in the seed

  Dicotyledons have two cotyledons
• Moss


  Moss can’t grow far away from water