Volumetric Analysis-Chemistry

    Cards (49)

    • What is the technique used to find the concentration of an unknown solution called?
      Titration
    • What is volumetric analysis?

      It is a method used to determine the concentration of a solution through titration.
    • What equipment is used to measure the solution being titrated?
      A pipette
    • Why are measuring cylinders less accurate than pipettes in titrations?

      Because measuring cylinders are only used when the volume does not affect the outcome of the analysis.
    • What is the purpose of the indicator in a titration?

      To show when the base has been neutralised completely by the acid.
    • What is the end-point in a titration?

      It is when the indicator just changes colour.
    • How accurate are volumes read from a measuring cylinder?

      Accurate to 0.5 cm³.
    • What is the scale interval on a burette?

      0.1 cm³.
    • How accurate is the scale on a burette?

      It is accurate to 0.05 cm³.
    • What are the steps involved in a titration process?

      • Measure the unknown solution with a pipette into a conical flask.
      • Add an indicator to the solution.
      • Slowly add the known concentration solution from a burette.
      • Observe the end-point when the indicator changes colour.
    • Titrations are used to determine the amount of acid or base needed to neutralize a solution, as well as the strength of acids and bases.
    • What is the definition of concentration in volumetric analysis?

      Concentration is the number of moles of a solid that dissolve in 1 dm³ of solution.
    • What does 1 dm³ equal in cm³?

      1 dm³ equals 1000 cm³.
    • What is the unit of concentration?

      The unit of concentration is mol dm³.
    • What does a concentration of 0.2 mol dm³ indicate?

      It means that 0.2 moles of solid are dissolved in 1 dm³ of solution.
    • How do you calculate concentration using moles and volume?

      Concentration = No. of moles / Volume (in dm³).
    • What is the alternative formula for concentration when volume is in cm³?

      Conc. = Moles x 1000 / Volume (cm³).
    • What should you do if the volume in a question is given in cm³?

      You should divide it by 1000 first to convert it into dm³.
    • What is another word for concentration?

      Another word for concentration is molarity.
    • How is molarity defined?

      Molarity is the number of moles of a solid dissolved in 1 dm³ of solution.
    • What is the process to find the concentration of a solution?
      1. Determine the number of moles of the solid.
      2. Measure the volume of the solution in dm³.
      3. Use the formula: Concentration = No. of moles / Volume (in dm³).
    • What are the conversions related to volume in volumetric analysis?

      • 1 dm³ = 1000 cm³
      • To convert cm³ to dm³, divide by 1000.
    • What is a standard solution?

      A solution for which the concentration is accurately known
    • How is a standard solution prepared?

      An accurately known mass is dissolved in deionised water and made up to an accurate volume
    • What equipment is used to prepare a standard solution?
      A volumetric flask
    • What are the steps to prepare a standard solution?

      1. Weigh an accurate mass of solid in a clean, dry beaker using a top pan balance.
      2. Dissolve the solid in 50-100 cm³ of deionised water and stir with a glass rod.
      3. Transfer the solution to a 250 cm³ volumetric flask.
      4. Rinse the beaker and glass rod with deionised water and add rinsings to the volumetric flask.
      5. Make up to the mark with deionised water until the bottom of the meniscus is on the mark.
      6. Stopper the flask and invert to mix thoroughly.
    • What is the purpose of rinsing the beaker and glass rod with deionised water during standard solution preparation?

      To ensure all the solute is transferred to the volumetric flask
    • What does the term 'meniscus' refer to in the context of volumetric analysis?

      The curved surface at the top of a column of liquid
    • What should be done after making up the solution to the mark in a volumetric flask?

      Stopper the flask and invert to mix thoroughly
    • What is the chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions?

      H⁺ + OH⁻ → H₂O
    • What occurs when an acid reacts with an alkali?

      A neutralisation reaction occurs.
    • How is the end-point of a titration determined?

      It is determined when equal numbers of moles of acid and alkali are present.
    • What is a base?

      A base is a metal oxide or hydroxide that neutralises an acid to make salt and water.
    • What is an alkali?

      An alkali is a soluble base.
    • What is a salt in the context of acid-base reactions?

      A salt is the compound formed when some or all of the hydrogen ions of an acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions.
    • What is the general reaction formula for neutralisation?

      Acid + AlkaliSalt + Water
    • What type of salts does hydrochloric acid (HCl) produce?

      Chlorides
    • What type of salts does sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) produce?

      Sulfates
    • What type of salts does nitric acid (HNO₃) produce?

      Nitrates
    • What type of salts does ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) produce?

      Ethanoates
    See similar decks