Cards (16)

    • Who suggested the atavistic form as an explanation for offending behavior?
      Lombroso
    • What did Lombroso argue about criminals in relation to non-criminals?

      He argued that criminals are biologically different and have an innate predisposition to behave anti-socially.
    • How did Lombroso describe criminals in terms of human evolution?

      He saw them as a more primitive form of human, less civilized than modern humans.
    • What is the term used by Lombroso to describe the physical features of criminals?

      Atavistic form
    • What type of data did Lombroso use to support his claims about atavistic features?

      Measurements from almost 4,000 criminals and skulls of nearly 400 dead criminals.
    • What are some examples of atavistic features identified by Lombroso?

      • Heavy brow
      • Large strong jaw
      • Large ears
      • Extra nipples or extra fingers/toes
    • What non-physical trait did Lombroso associate with criminals?
      Insensitivity to pain
    • What criticism did Lombroso's research face regarding scientific rigor?

      He had no control group to compare the features of criminals to.
    • Who conducted a study that compared London convicts to a control group?
      Goring
    • What was Goring's conclusion regarding criminal behavior and physical appearance?

      He found no significant difference and concluded that criminal behavior is not linked to physical appearance.
    • What title is Lombroso often referred to in criminology?

      Father of modern criminology
    • How did Lombroso's approach differ from previous views on criminality?

      He attempted to use a more scientific explanation rather than a religious perspective.
    • How have ideas about criminal types evolved since Lombroso's time?

      They have become more sophisticated, with concepts like criminal personality and offender profiling emerging.
    • What did Hooton find in his study of male prisoners in the US?

      He found differences between prisoners and a control group, but the characteristics were not the same as Lombroso's atavistic features.
    • What characteristics did Hooton identify as being associated with criminals?

      Sloping foreheads, protruding ears, and narrow jaws.
    • What limitation is mentioned regarding the determination of causation in atavistic traits?
      Atavistic traits may be common among criminals but do not necessarily cause offending behavior.