skeletal anatomy

• What is the definition of the skeletal system?


  The skeletal system is the framework of bones and connective tissues that supports and protects the body.
• What are the crucial functions of the skeletal system?


  The skeletal system provides support, protection, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage, and endocrine regulation.
• What are the main functions of the skeletal system?


  • Support: Provides structure and shape to the body
  • Protection: Shields vital organs
  • Movement: Works with muscles to enable motion
  • Blood cell production: Produces red and white blood cells
  • Mineral storage: Stores calcium and phosphorus
  • Endocrine regulation: Releases hormones like osteocalcin
• What is an example of how the skeletal system protects vital organs?


  The skull protects the brain.
• What is the role of the rib cage in the skeletal system?


  The rib cage protects vital organs such as the heart and lungs.
• What are the main types of bones in the skeletal system?


  The main types of bones are long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid bones.
• What are the characteristics of long bones?


  • Longer than they are wide
  • Examples: femur (thigh bone), humerus (upper arm bone)
• What is the medullary cavity in a long bone?


  The medullary cavity is the hollow center of the bone containing bone marrow.
• What are the two main parts of the skeletal system?

  The two main parts are the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
• What does the axial skeleton include?


  • Skull
  • Vertebral column (spine)
  • Rib cage
  • Sternum (breastbone)
• What does the appendicular skeleton include?


  • Shoulder girdle (clavicles and scapulae)
  • Upper limbs (arms, hands)
  • Pelvic girdle
  • Lower limbs (legs, feet)
• What is ossification?


  Ossification is the process of bone formation that begins in the fetus and continues into adulthood.
• What are osteoblasts?


  Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells.
• What factors affect bone health?


  Factors affecting bone health include nutrition, exercise, and hormones.
• What is the role of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?


  Osteoclasts are responsible for breaking down old bone tissue during remodeling.
• What is the function of osteocytes?


  Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue.
• What is the difference between intramembranous and endochondral ossification?


  Intramembranous ossification forms flat bones, while endochondral ossification forms most other bones.
• How does bone remodeling contribute to bone health?


  Bone remodeling allows for the continuous renewal and strengthening of bone throughout life.
• What is the role of the periosteum?


  The periosteum is a tough, fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone.
• What is the function of articular cartilage in long bones?


  Articular cartilage covers the epiphyses where the bone meets other bones at joints, providing a smooth surface for movement.
• How do the axial and appendicular skeletons work together?


  The axial skeleton provides central support and protection for vital organs, while the appendicular skeleton allows for movement and manipulation of the environment.