diagnostics

• which is more sensitive TTW or BAL?

  BAL
• what are the contraindications for bronchoscopy?

  hyper-responsive airways, unstable cardiac failure / arrhythmias and haemorrhage – increased risk with:

  • Pulmonary hypertension
  • uraemia
  • coagulopathies
  • neoplasias
• what region is being imaged?

  tachea

  
• what region is being imaged?

  carina

  
• what is the diagnosis?

  tracheal collapse

  
• what is the cause of this appearance?

  pulmonary oedema

  
• what pattern is seen in this image?

  bronchial

  
• what is the diagnosis?

  pneumothorax

  
• 10 year old DSH FN cat presented with coughing and wheezing for several weeks. NAD on exam. what is the diagnosis?

  feline asthma

  
• if the diaphragm is caudally displaced and flattened, what does this indicate?

  lung hyperinflation
• what is the diagnosis?

  diaphragmatic hernia

  
• which lung patterns can be seen?

  alveolar and interstitial

  
• 2 year old, MN, staffordshire Bull terrier. Regular V+ and regurg now is coughing. Harsh lung rales on auscultation. RR 38bpm, T 39.8C. what is the diagnosis?

  aspiration bronchopneumonia

  
• 3 year old, ME springer spaniel presented 2 weeks ago for a soft cough and mildly increased respiratory effort. Now lethargic off food and V+ several times daily. Increased lung sounds on auscultation, particulary caudally. HR 120bpm, respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Good colour and CRT urea 60mmol/l creatinine 800 micromol/L. What is the diagnosis?

  non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to azotaemia