Acute leukemia has large/blastic cells on cytology and the patient appears sick
chronic lymphocytic leukaemia has small lymphocytes on cytology and may be an incidental finding
whats the diagnosis?
acute leukemia
whats the diagnosis?
chroniclymphocytic leukemia
Leukaemia = A neoplastic condition of the bone marrow in which neoplastic cells of lymphoid or non-lymphoid stem cells or their progeny undergo clonal expansion with or without cellular differentiation
is cytopenia common in acute or chronic leukaemia?
acute
in acute leukaemia, neoplastic transformation occurs during stem cell proliferation leading to large numbers of immature / undifferentiated cells causing an aggressive and rapid disease
in chronic leukaemia, neoplastic transformation occurs after differentiation giving rise to a large number of maturedifferentiated cells. this disease has a slow progression and is less aggressive
ALL = acutelymphoid leukaemia
AML = acute myeloid leukaemia
acute myeloid leukaemia is more common than acute lymphoid leukaemia (dogs and cats)
Acute leukaemia morphology is hard to differentiate between so if we want to know what type of leukaemia we need...
Immunophenotyping
[Cytochemistry]
Clonality testing (PARR)
what is the diagnosis and prognosis?
acute leukaemia - bad prognosis
what neoplasm can mimick acute leukaemia?
lymphoma
what is the diagnosis, on haematology there were high WBC, lymphocytes and platelets?
chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
fill in the blanks
A) acute myeloid
B) acute lymphoid
C) lymphoma
Lymphoid leukaemia arises from marrow but extra-medullary lymphoma may enter the circulation and infiltrate the bone marrow (stage V)