classical conditioning

• Who is the main figure discussed in this video related to behaviorism?

  Ivan Pavlov
• What psychological approach is primarily explored in this video?

  Classical conditioning
• What is the name of the first video in the series that introduces the topic?

  Introduction to approaches in psychology
• What does the behaviorist approach fall under in psychology?

  Learning theories
• What are the two main types of conditioning discussed in behaviorism?

  • Classical conditioning (Pavlov)
  • Operant conditioning (B.F. Skinner)
• Who is John B. Watson?

  A prominent figure in behaviorism
• What does John B. Watson mean by "men are built not born"?

  He believes behavior is shaped by the environment
• How does Watson's view differ from Wilhelm Wundt's introspection method?


  Watson emphasizes observable behavior over introspection
• What does the term "tabula rasa" refer to in behaviorism?

  It means humans are born as blank slates
• What is the goal of behavioristic psychology according to Watson?

  To predict responses based on stimuli
• What is classical conditioning?

  Learning through association
• What was Pavlov's original research focused on?

  The digestive system of dogs
• What did Pavlov observe about dogs during his research?

  Dogs salivated before food was presented
• What is the neutral stimulus in Pavlov's experiment?

  The bell
• What is the unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's experiment?

  The food
• What happens when the neutral stimulus and unconditioned stimulus are paired together?

  They become associated, leading to a conditioned response
• What is a conditioned stimulus after learning has occurred?

  The bell becomes a learned stimulus
• What type of behaviors does classical conditioning apply to?

  Involuntary reflex behaviors
• What are the key concepts related to classical conditioning identified by Pavlov?

  1. Generalization: Conditioned response occurs to similar stimuli
  2. Discrimination: Distinguishing between different stimuli
  3. Extinction: Weakening of conditioned response when unconditioned stimulus is absent
  4. Spontaneous recovery: Reappearance of conditioned response after extinction
• What is generalization in classical conditioning?

  Conditioned response occurs to similar stimuli
• What is discrimination in classical conditioning?

  Distinguishing between different stimuli
• What does extinction mean in classical conditioning?

  Weakening of conditioned response when unconditioned stimulus is absent
• What is spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning?

  Reappearance of conditioned response after extinction
• How might someone learn to feel sick when seeing a KFC sign?

  Through classical conditioning associating the sign with a negative experience
• What is the significance of classical conditioning in understanding behavior?

  • Explains how behaviors are learned through associations
  • Highlights the role of the environment in shaping behavior
  • Useful in therapeutic settings for treating phobias
• What is the next topic to be explored in the series after classical conditioning?

  Operant conditioning
• How does the video suggest using classical conditioning to unlearn behaviors?

  By applying the same principles of association
• What year did Ivan Pavlov win the Nobel Prize?

  1904