Bm2 psychology Q's

• What is the difference between encoding, storage, and retrieval?


  encoding = getting information into memory / storage = process to maintain info in memory/ retrieval = the recall of information previously learned
• What are the three types of memory according to the Three Stage Processing Model?


  Sensory Memory, Short Term Memory / Working Memory, and Long Term Memory (LTM)
• What is the difference between Effortful Processing and Automatic Processing?


  Effortful Processing = trying to memorize it / Automatic Processing = accidentally memorizing it
• What is the difference between Implicit Memory / Procedural Memory and Explicit Memory / Declarative Memory?


  Implicit Memory = things your body unconsciously knows how to do / Explicit Memory = things you can consciously think aboutSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• How does Mood congruent memory work?


  your mood serves as a retrieval cue to bring up memories tagged with the same mood
• What parts of what they studied does someone remember with the Serial Position Effect?


  the beginning and the end
• What is the difference between Anterograde Amnesia and Retrograde Amnesia?


  Anterograde Amnesia = can't make new memories / Retrograde Amnesia = can't remember old memories
• What is the difference between an Encoding failure and a Retrieval failure?


  Encoding failure = didn't get it into your memory system (usually because you weren't paying attention) / Retrieval failure = you memorized it but can't get it back out of your memory system
• What is the difference between Retroactive interference and Proactive Interference?


  Retroactive interference = / Proactive Interference =See an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• What does someone forget with Source Amnesia?


  they forget where they learned the information
• What is the difference between an Algorithm and a Heuristic?


  Algorithm = logical, step by step problem solving method / Heuristic = mental shortcut
• How does the Cognitive Bias of Functional Fixedness affect the way you solve a problem?


  can only think of the normal use for an object
• How does the Cognitive Bias of Belief Perseverance affect the way you solve a problem?


  ignore evidence that conflicts with what you believe so you can keep believing it
• How does the Cognitive Bias of Confirmation Bias affect the way you solve a problem?


  you only search for evidence that supports your opinion
• What is the difference between a Phoneme and a morpheme?


  morpheme = the smallest speech units that carry meaning
• How does a baby's language change from the start of the Babbling stage to the end?


  toward the end, they lose their ability to discriminate sounds they never hear
• At what age is a baby in the One-word stage?

  age 1
• At what age is a baby in the Two Word stage?


  age 2
• What are the two Critical periods of language?


  up to age 7 = acquiring a first language / up to puberty = fully acquiring a second language
• What does the theory of Linguistic determinism say about language and thinking?


  your language determines what you can think about
• What does the Medical Model say about psychological disorders?


  psychological disorders are sicknesses that need to be diagnosed and cured.
• Why would a mental health professional use the DSM-5?


  to diagnose a mental disorder
• What does the Diathesis Stress Model say about developing a mental health disorder?


  if you have the genetics for a disorder, you're more likely to develop it if you had a super stressful life
• What is the number one reason people seek mental health services?


  depression
• What are the two alternating moods in Bipolar Disorder?


  mania (unrealistic optimism) and depression (extreme hopelessness)
• How is the Cognitive Distortion of Catastrophizing bad for someone's mental health?


  you always assume the worst about a situation so it's stressful
• How is Aaron Beck's Cognitive Therapy different from Ellis's Rational-Emotive Therapy?


  beck's = gentle questioning to change cognitive distortions / Ellis's = harsher
• What does it mean to have an Internal vs an External Locus of Control?


  Internal = believe you control your life / External = believe fate controls your life
• During which stage of sleep does someone dream?

  REM
• How can you look at them and tell they're dreaming?

  Rapid Eye Movement
• What are some negative effects of Sleep Deprivation?


  reduced immune system, bad memory, bad mood, reduced energy
• What is the difference between Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, and Narcolepsy?


  Insomnia = can't sleep, Sleep Apnea = stop breathing in sleep, Narcolepsy = randomly fall asleep
• How does alcohol use affect sleep?


  negatively impacts ability to get REM sleep
• Why would someone experience REM rebound?


  missed REM in previous night's sleep
• What is the primary characteristic of Dissociative Disorders?


  separation from normal state of consciousness (awareness of self and environment)
• What is the difference between Dissociative Identity Disorder and Dissociative Amnesia?


  Dissociative Identity Disorder = multiple states of consciousness / Dissociative Amnesia = lost time because of separation of consciousness
• What are the three stages of Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?


  Alarm reaction, Resistance, and Exhaustion
• What causes someone to go through the three stages of Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?


  prolonged stressSee an expert-written answer!We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
• Why does prolonged stress cause Physiological Illnesses?


  Stress diverts energy from the immune system
• What do Lymphocytes have to do with immune responses?

  they are the cells the immune system makes that kill infections