Skeleton

• Functions of skeleton:

  → support

  → movement

  → endocrine regulation

  → protection

  → production of red blood cells

  → storage of minerals
• Sesamoid bones:

  Small bones located in tendons where considerable pressure develops
• Irregular bones:

  → have complex shapes

  → many surfaces for muscle attachment or articulation
• Flat bones:

  → Broad & dense surface for muscle attachment

  → protect underlying organs
• Short bones:

  → nearly equal in length & width

  → found in confined spaces where they transfer forces
• Long bones:

  → greater length than width

  → consists of a shaft

  → function as levers to facilitate movement
• Vertebral column:

  → supports weight of head & trunk

  → allows movement & articulations

  → Protects spinal cord
• How is the Q angle formed?

  1. draw a line from the anterosuperior iliac spine through the center of the patella
  2. a line drawn from the center of the patella to the centre of the tibial tubercle