group 7

• What are Group Seven elements also called?

  Halogens
• How many electrons do Group Seven elements have in their outer energy level?

  Seven electrons
• What type of bond is formed when two atoms of a Group Seven element react?

  Covalent bond
• How are the shared electrons in a covalent bond represented?

  As a stick between the two atoms
• What physical states do fluorine and chlorine exist in at room temperature?

  Both are gases
• What is the physical state of bromine at room temperature?

  Liquid
• What happens to the relative molecular mass of halogens as you move down the group?

  It increases
• What does relative molecular mass indicate about a molecule?

  It gives an idea of the size
• How do group seven elements form covalent compounds?

  By reacting with non-metals
• What is the compound formed between chlorine and hydrogen?

  Hydrogen chloride
• What happens when halogens react with metals?

  They form ionic compounds
• What is the charge of a chloride ion?

  -1 charge
• What is an ion?

  An atom with an overall charge
• What happens to the name of a halogen when it forms an ion?

  It ends with "ide"
• What does fluorine become when it forms an ion?

  Fluoride
• What does chlorine become when it forms an ion?

  Chloride
• How does the reactivity of halogens change down group seven?

  It decreases as you move down
• What happens when a more reactive halogen meets a less reactive halogen in solution?

  The more reactive halogen displaces the less reactive one
• What happens to a halogen atom when it reacts with a metal?

  It gains one electron
• What two factors make chlorine less reactive than fluorine?

  Greater distance and increased shielding
• How does increased distance from the nucleus affect reactivity?

  It lowers the attraction for outer electrons
• What is meant by 'shielding' in atomic structure?

  Internal electrons repel outer electrons
• What is a displacement reaction?

  A reaction where one element displaces another
• What is the order of reactivity for the halogens from most to least reactive?

  Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
• What is the main reason for the decrease in reactivity down group seven?

  Increased distance and shielding
• How does the concept of electron gain relate to halogen reactivity?

  More reactive halogens gain electrons more easily
• What is the effect of increased shielding on electron attraction?

  It decreases the attraction for outer electrons
• How does the concept of atomic distance relate to reactivity?

  Greater distance reduces reactivity
• What is the general trend of halogen reactivity in the periodic table?

  Reactivity decreases down the group
• If you were to compare the reactivity of fluorine and chlorine, what would you conclude?

  Fluorine is more reactive than chlorine
• What is the primary characteristic of halogens in terms of their electron behavior?

  They gain one electron to achieve stability
• How does the concept of atomic structure influence the reactivity of halogens?

  Atomic structure determines electron attraction and reactivity
• What can be inferred about the halogens based on their electron configurations?

  They tend to gain one electron to stabilize
• If you were to conduct an experiment with sodium iodide and chlorine, what would you observe?

  Chlorine displaces iodine
• What is the significance of the halogens in chemical reactions?

  They are highly reactive nonmetals
• How does the concept of atomic distance relate to reactivity?

  Greater distance reduces reactivity
• What can be concluded about the halogens based on their electron configurations?

  They tend to gain one electron to stabilize