Gold rush

• What was the population increase in Australia due to the Gold Rush?

  The population boomed by 1 million
• Why did many people come to Australia during the Gold Rush?

  To escape poor conditions in Europe, such as famine
• What were some consequences of the population boom during the Gold Rush?

  New cultures and wealth emerged
• What negative reactions occurred due to the influx of new cultures during the Gold Rush?

  There were some negative reactions to new cultures
• Which two groups of people journeyed to Australia during the Gold Rush?

  Europeans and Chinese people
• What were the conditions like on the gold fields?

  Conditions were hard with little accommodation and limited food and water
• What type of accommodation was primarily available on the gold fields?

  Tents
• What health issues arose on the gold fields?

  Spread of illnesses due to inadequate sanitation
• What did miners have to buy to dig for gold?

  A claim to a spot of land
• How much did miners have to pay to dig for gold per month in the 1850s?

  1 pound and 10 shillings
• What was the miners' reaction to the fee for digging for gold?

  Many protests broke out
• What event triggered the miners to set the Eureka hotel alight?

  The murder of a minor on October 7th, 1854
• How did the miners view the police during the Gold Rush?

  Police were seen as very untrustworthy
• What oath did the miners swear during the conflict?

  An oath of peace between miners
• When was the Eureka flag announced?

  November 29th, 1854
• What did the Eureka flag represent?

  Unity among the miners
• What were the long-term positive impacts of the Gold Rush?

  • Some miners never returned home
  • Changes to culture, environment, and relationships
  • Wealth led to new industries and jobs
  • New towns were established
  • Train lines connected towns across Australia
  • Increased representation in parliament
  • Schools were built
  • More land cleared for food production
• What were the long-term negative impacts of the Gold Rush?

  • Increased racism
  • Indigenous peoples were taken away from their land
  • Environmental degradation
  • Disruption of animal life and food patterns
  • Soil degradation
• How did the Gold Rush impact the Indigenous peoples of Australia?

  They were dispossessed of their land needed for sustenance
• What was a significant environmental impact of the Gold Rush?

  Ruined environment due to mining activities