social influence extended response

• What ethical issue arose regarding informed consent in Milgram's study?

  Participants could not give informed consent due to deception about the study's true nature
• How were participants deceived in Milgram's study?

  Participants believed they were shocking a learner, which was not true
• What psychological harm did participants experience in Milgram's study?

  Many participants experienced distress at the thought of harming another individual
• What did Milgram do to address the psychological harm experienced by participants?

  He debriefed participants at the conclusion of the study and later to ensure no prolonged stress
• What is one limitation of the sample used in Milgram's study?

  The sample involved only males, which may not represent a female population
• Why is it questioned whether Milgram's findings would apply to non-western populations?

  It is uncertain if similar results would be found in non-western populations
• How is obedience defined in psychology?

  Obedience is a change in behavior due to direct instruction from an authority figure to avoid punishment
• What was the aim of Milgram's study?

  The aim was to investigate the extent to which individuals would obey an authority figure
• What method did Milgram use in his study?

  Milgram used an observational method
• What is one advantage of using an observational method in research?

  The observer does not need to ask participants for information, they can simply observe
• What is one disadvantage of using an observational method in research?

  It can be time-consuming
• What were the key steps in Milgram's procedure?

  • Volunteer recruitment
  • Participants told it was a study on learning and memory
  • Drawing straws to assign roles of learner or teacher
  • Confederates always acted as learners
  • Experimenter dressed in a grey lab coat
  • Teacher and experimenter in one room, learner in another
  • Learner hooked to a fake electric shock generator
  • Teacher asked questions and shocked learner for incorrect answers
  • Shocks increased from 15 volts to 450 volts
  • Learner gave incorrect answers intentionally
  • Experimenter instructed teacher to continue when they hesitated
• How did Coco's authority affect her students' behavior?

  Coco was viewed as a legitimate authority figure, leading students to obey her instructions
• Why did students at Coco's new school not obey her instructions?

  They did not view her as a legitimate authority figure
• What is the significance of Milgram's findings in relation to Coco's situation?

  Milgram's findings illustrate how authority figures influence obedience in social settings
• What does a standardized procedure in research imply?

  A standardized procedure means each participant experiences the same process
• Why is a standardized procedure considered a strength of Milgram's study?

  It decreases the impact of experimenter effects, increasing the validity of the study
• How is social influence defined in psychology?

  Social influence is the change in behaviors and attitudes of an individual due to the real or implied presence of others
• What process of social influence is Sophie experiencing?

  Sophie is experiencing compliance, conforming publicly while disagreeing privately
• How does Prisha's experience differ from Sophie's in terms of social influence?

  Prisha is experiencing internalization, genuinely accepting the group's norm
• What factor contributed to Sophie and Prisha conforming to the group?

  The group size contributed, as conformity increases with larger groups
• How did the critical trials in Asch's study differ from other trials?

  In critical trials, confederates gave obviously incorrect answers
• What is a limitation of generalizing Asch's findings?

  The sample is biased as it primarily consisted of college students
• Why is the scenario of Asch's study considered artificial?

  It was conducted in a lab setting, which may not reflect real-world situations