Industrial

• Many moved to city for better jobs/better pay
• Edwin Chadwick:

  • social reformer
  • Member of the “clean party”
  • Made a report on living conditions in britain in 1842
  • came to conclusion that poverty wasn’t caused by idleness but poor living standards
  • Parliament opposed this due to their approach with laissez-faire
  • Public health act 1848- allowed councils to improve conditions if they wanted to
• Titus salt:

  • Wool dealer
  • By 1850, owned and ran 5 separate spinning and weaving mills in Bradford
  • Was the biggest employer in the area
  • Queen victoria was a customer- liked his alpaca cloth
• Conditions in Bradford:

  • population had grown rapidly
  • 1803- 13,000
  • 1833- 43,000
  • 1851- over 100,000
  • One visitor stated “other towns in England are paradise compared to this hole”
  • Over 200 factory chimneys (pollution)
  • Life expectancy for the poor was 20
• After the invention of the wool combing machine (Joseph lister), many became unemployed

  • Titus salt set up soup kitchens for the unemployed