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histo lec finals
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Frylle Dexter
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Cards (94)
What is the main purpose of staining in histopathology?
To study
tissue architecture
and characteristics
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How does staining enable visualization of tissues?
Through
capillary osmosis
and
dye absorption
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What is the principle behind the staining of alkaline structures?
They are stained by
acidic
stains
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What color does eosin stain the cytoplasm?
Red
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What color does hematoxylin stain the nucleus?
Blue
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What are the types of histological staining?
Microanatomic
stains
Bacterial stains
Specific tissue stains
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What does histochemical staining focus on?
Specific chemical
components
of tissues
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What does Perl’s Prussian Blue demonstrate?
Ferric iron
(
Fe3+
) in tissues
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What does the Periodic Acid Schiff stain?
Carbohydrates
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What is the purpose of immunohistochemical staining?
To detect
phenotypic
markers using
antibodies
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What is specific staining based on?
Controlled
chemical reactions
for color at sites
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What is an example of a specific staining technique?
Perl’s Prussian blue reaction
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What is
simple
staining
?
Staining with a simple dye solution
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What color does eosin stain the cytoplasm?
PINK
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What is the role of a mordant in staining?
It helps link dye to
tissue
for
staining
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What is an example of a mordant?
Potassium Alum
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What is the function of an accentuator in staining?
It increases color intensity without
binding
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What is progressive staining?
Staining until
desired
intensity is reached
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What is regressive staining?
Overstaining
followed by dye removal
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What is metachromatic staining also known as?
Metachromasia
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What does counterstaining provide?
Contrast and background to
structural
components
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What is vital staining?
Staining of living cell
constituents
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What does intravital staining involve?
Injecting
dye into an animal's body
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What is supravital staining?
Staining
living
cells after removal
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What is metallic impregnation used for?
To
precipitate
heavy metals
in tissues
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What is an example of a natural dye?
Hematoxylin
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What are chromophores?
Substances capable of producing
visible
colors
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What are auxochromes?
Substances that alter the
shade
of a dye
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What is differentiation in staining?
Selective removal of
excess
dye
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What is hematoxylin extracted from?
Heartwood of
Haematoxylon campechianum
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What is the ripening process of hematoxylin?
Oxidizing
hematoxylin by air and sunlight
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What is the most commonly used mordant?
Aluminum
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What is eosin primarily used for?
As a
background
or
contrast
stain
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What is the most commonly used eosin dye?
Eosin Y
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What is formed by the oxidation of Hematoxylin?
Hematin
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What is the process of ripening in staining?
Exposing
the
substance
to
air
and
sunlight
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How long does the ripening process usually take?
4 months
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How can the ripening process be accelerated?
By adding strong
oxidizing agents
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Why is ripened hematoxylin almost useless without a mordant?
It has low
affinity
for tissue
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What is the complex of stain and mordant called?
A
lake
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